Category: Psychology

reply to each post with 100 words as if you are me and reply hello (person name)
no generic replies. Each reply should have seprate references 
post 1
robert gallagher posted Jun 6, 2024 2:12 PM
What are the psychological needs of children/adolescents following exposure to trauma and how do they differ from adults?  (Are there specific differences depending on the age group for children/adolescents?). Here, include a discussion of how coping with trauma is different for children/adolescents relative to adults.  
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can occur in both children, adolescences, and adults. Trauma is an emotional response to a terrible event like an event that is traumatizing to a child or an adult (APA, 2024) Both children and adults can experience unpredictable emotions, flashbacks, strained relationships, and even physical symptoms like headaches or nausea. Kolatisis (2017) noted about 16% of children who are exposed to trauma will develop PTSD. Children and Adults who have PTSD experience symptoms like reexperiencing the event(s), avoidance, and hypervigilance (Carll, 2007). Gerasimos (2017) suggests that 16% of children who experience traumatic events will develop PTSD. However, Gerasimos (2017) noted that PTSD symptoms are reduced by 50% within 1-6 months after the traumatizing experience. However, there are differences based on age. Children’s needs following trauma also differ depending on age group and these symptoms include separation anxiety especially in children under age two, sleep disturbance, irritability/anger, and problems in school (Latif, 2015). Adolescents tend to be at risk for self-blame, depressed mood, and anxiety and may engage in risky behaviors like substance abuse (Latif et al., 2015).
Carll (2007) noted in trauma related to medical diagnosis in children can create PTSD, but different factors create trauma in children versus their parents. For parents (Carll, 2007) noted that the announcement of the diagnosis is the leading case of PTSD in parents, while for those children with the diagnosis the intensity of the treatment and the threat to their lives is what creates more PTSD. For kids with medical conditions that lead to PTSD interventions that lead to effective coping mechanisms and resiliency include those children being able to retell the story from their perspective, using CBT, and having a family system approach (Carll, 2007).
For adults, Carll (2007) also noted in these childhood medical diagnosis mothers are more likely to develop PTSD than the fathers when the news is relayed to them. In general, though, Thompson et al. (2018) noted active coping strategies problem solving and cognitive restructuring, wishful thinking, and social withdrawal). However, the last two seems to negatively impact the ability to overcome PTSD and the first two for adults seems to increase being over to be resilient when it comes to PTSD.
Like adults, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy works well for children who develop PTSD from being traumatized (Kolatisis, 2017). For adults, psychoeducation, relaxation techniques, and gradual exposure seems to help reduce PTSD in adults (Dorsey, Briggs, and Woods, 2011). However, unlike adults having the non-offending parent involved is part of the process to reduce PTSD in children and adolescences. This includes individual therapy for the child and therapy with the non-offending parent (Kolatisis, 2017).
2). What primary risk factors increase prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children/adolescents following trauma?  
There are many risk factors for the development of PTSD in children who experienced trauma. Kolatisis (2017) and Dorsey, Briggs, and Woods (2011) noted children and adolescences that have acute stress reactions, depression, anxiety, being female, the severity of the trauma, the duration of the trauma, history of loss, parental reaction, and a lack of support systems are more at risk of developing PTSD. The consequences of this trauma include depression, anxiety, addiction, and health problems (Kolatisis, 2017). An example of this would be a child who is physically abused for years in their home and the non-offending parent doesn’t protect the child. However, avoidance is a big risk factors for continuation of PTSD for children that increases other psychiatric disorders (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011).
One of the ways to overcome avoidance is to address often times shame children and adolescences feel, creating trust with children and adolescences, and youth feeling there are believed when expressing what happened to them (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). An example of this would be a child who is sexually abused but it told it is their fault or they feel they could have stopped it but didn’t. When it comes to medical issues Carl (2007) noted that children who have major medical issues like a diagnosis of cancer will have higher rates of PTSD based on the treatment intensity and the degree that the diagnosis is life-threatening. A common psychiatric disorder in children and adolescence in children with PTSD include substance abuse and dissociative symptoms including depersonalization and derealization ( Torrico & Mikes, 2024). Kolatisis (2017) noted symptoms in children with PTSD included increase depression, anxiety, addictions, and health problems.
3). How do treatments for trauma-related psychiatric disorders (including PTSD) differ between children/adolescents and adults?  
Based on the symptoms children/adolescence experience when they have PTSD treatment options must address the physical, psychological, and social factors to reduce PTSD (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). Kolatisis (2017) noted that PTSD will be reduced about 50% within the one to six months after the event for most children or adolescence without any treatment. This speaks to a child’s resiliency (Kolatisis, 2017). However, almost half of all children will continue to have PTSD symptoms and need an intervention.  
There are two main types of effective therapeutic techniques for children and adolescents including Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (for adults and children) and Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for Trauma in Schools (primarily for children/adolescences) (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). CBT that focuses youth on individual therapy that exposes youth to their trauma-related cues and memories, creating coping skills, managing a child’s anxiety, uses medication like serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), and parent educational training has been shown to be effective in reducing PTSD in children. Trauma-Informed CBT approaches is effective for reducing PTSD within 12-20 1-hour sessions for children from 3-18 years old (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). CBT uses the PRACTICE technique including psychoeducation, parenting skills, affective modulation skills, cognitive coping skills, trauma narrative/processing, in live exposure, child-parent sessions together, and enhancing a child’s perception of being safe (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011).
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Trauma in Schools (CBT-TS) is another technique specially for youth. CBT-TS tend to break up the 10 sessions into 1 hour group sessions, 1-3 individual sessions, 2-4 joint parent-child sessions, and 1 teacher education session (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). Two other therapeutic techniques I found interesting, included Trauma and Grief Component Therapy (TGBT) as it focused on understanding a child’s grief as it comes to a loss (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). The other CBT technique I found interesting was Combined Parent Child Cognitive-Behavioral Approach (CPC-CBT) for children who are at risk of child abuse (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). I found this CBT approach interesting as it is a good technique that improves parenting skills among abusive parenting, reduces the rates of excessive physical disciplining toward their children, and reduced fear and anxiety in youth (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). Other CBT techniques specifically for teenagers include Structured Psychotherapy for Adolescents Responding to Chronic Stress (SPARCS) and Trauma-Focused Coping (Dorsey, Briggs, & Woods, 2011). One interesting difference in therapeutic techniques for adults with PTSD and youth with PTSD was the use of drugs. McPhillips (2024) on CNN this past week reported on how there was a push for adults to be given MDMA (ecstasy) in order to reduce PTSD (McPhillips, 2024). However, I doubt giving children MDMA would be a good idea.
Bibliography
American Psychological Association. (2024). Trauma. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/topics/trauma
Dorsey, S., Briggs, E., & Woods, B. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Child Adolescences Psychiatry Clinical North America; 20(2):255-69. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2011.01.006.
Carll, E.Carll (2007). Trauma Psychology : Issues in Violence, Disaster, Health, and Illness [2 Volumes]. Praeger.
Kolaitis, G. (2017). Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of Psychotraumatalogy, 8(4) DOI: 10/10180/20008198.2017.1351198
McPhillips, D. (2024). FDA advisers vote against first MDMA therapy to treat PTSD. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2024/06/04/health/mdma-ptsd-fda-advisers/index.html#:~:text=MDMA%20is%20in%20a%20class,communion%2C%20relatedness%20and%20emotional%20openness.&text=A%20federal%20advisory%20committee%20on,for%20post%2Dtraumatic%20stress%20disorder.
Latif, F. F., Yeatermeyer, J., Horne, Z., & Beriwal, S. (2015). Psychological impact of nuclear disasters on children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 24(4), 811-822.
McPhillips, D. (2024). FDA advisers vote against first MDMA therapy to treat PTSD. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2024/06/04/health/mdma-ptsd-fda-advisers/index.html#:~:text=MDMA%20is%20in%20a%20class,communion%2C%20relatedness%20and%20emotional%20openness.&text=A%20federal%20advisory%20committee%20on,for%20post%2Dtraumatic%20stress%20disorder.
Thompson, N., Fiorillo, D., Rothbaum,B., Ressler, K., & Michopoulos V. (2018) Coping strategies as mediators in relation to resilience and posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Affect Disorders; 225:153-159. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.049.
Torrico, T. & Mikes, B. (2024). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559140/
Post 2
Sean Suggs posted Jun 11, 2024 4:59 PM
What are the psychological needs of children/adolescents following exposure to trauma and how do they differ from adults? (Are there specific differences depending on the age group for children/adolescents?). Here, include a discussion of how coping with trauma is different for children/adolescents relative to adults.
Trauma can deeply impact people of any age, but the needs and reactions of children and adolescents are distinct because of their developmental stages. Recognizing these differences is essential for offering suitable support. Many young people experience various types of trauma, such as abuse or natural disasters (Kolaitis, 2017). For children who have faced trauma, expressing and validating their emotions is vital. Since children often don’t have the words to articulate complex feelings, they find it helpful to use play therapy, art, and other non-verbal ways to express themselves.
What primary risk factors increase the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children/adolescents following trauma?  
Trauma in childhood and adolescence can have profound and long-lasting effects on mental health. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in young individuals following traumatic experiences is influenced by various risk factors that interact in complex ways. Understanding these risk factors is crucial for early intervention and effective support.  According to recent studies; however, even subclinical symptoms of PTSD place children at risk for other psychiatric disorders (Dorsey et al., 2011).
Children and adolescents who already have mental health issues are at an increased risk of developing additional psychiatric disorders following trauma. Pre-existing conditions can exacerbate the impact of trauma, making it more challenging to cope with new stressors. Addressing these risk factors through comprehensive support systems, early intervention, and targeted therapies can help mitigate the adverse effects of trauma and promote better mental health outcomes for affected children and adolescents. Recognizing and addressing these risk factors is essential for parents, educators, healthcare providers, and policymakers to foster a supportive environment that nurtures resilience and recovery.
References,
Dorsey, S., Briggs, E. C., & Woods, B. A. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 20(2), 255–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2011.01.006
Kolaitis, G. (2017). Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8(sup4). https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2017.1351198
post 3
Brianna Boyd posted Jun 11, 2024 7:00 PM
Hello class and Dr. King,
1). Children differ in psychological needs after experiencing a traumatic event; the needs then vary depending on the age of the child(ren). Younger children may require more physical care than older children, who may focus more on emotional and mental support; the differences vary based on brain development and ability to process the event and its significance. Younger children often cope through art, playing, or reenacting the event. Older children are more able to ask for help or verbally express themselves. However, older children may often analyze the event in-depth, experience high amounts of guilt or shame, and begin to take on the feeling of needing punishment.
Based on the variety of ways children cope based on development level, it is clear how they differ from adults. In comparison, adults can seek help when they feel the need, self-soothe, or have an arsenal of coping mechanisms they may already use from general life experience. Children have to learn what coping is and how to use it.
2). Due to the level of support and care children require, the risk factors for them developing a psychiatric disorder are a little higher. A huge factor can be the amount of love and support in a safe environment, previous exposures to trauma, the loss of someone close to them, and being brought up in an unstable environment. Children do best in secure, familiar, and loving environments.
3). Children naturally tend to be more resilient compared to adults. The best interventions for treating children include family therapy sessions, in which adults learn how to support the child experiencing symptoms, play, art, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Pharmacological treatment for children is not a first-choice intervention. Similarly to adults, other coping mechanisms and interventions may be more effective in long-term symptom management.
Resources: 
Dorsey, S., Briggs, E. C., & Woods, B. A. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 20(2), 255–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2011.01.006
Elizabeth K. Carll Ph.D. (2007). Trauma Psychology : Issues in Violence, Disaster, Health, and Illness [2 Volumes]. Praeger.

Focus on cultural Compentency
Instructions 
Part 1: 
Compile a minimum of five (5) new (not used in previous courses) peer-reviewed sources, dated within the past 3 years, related to your proposed psychology dissertation topic. A peer-reviewed source is one in which experts in the author’s discipline critically assess a draft of the article prior to publication. Critically analyze and synthesize the content using the chart below: 
Topic:
Complete APA Reference Methodology Problem and Purpose  Limitations Conclusions Diversity of Perspective 
Areas of Convergence (agreement) 
Areas of Divergence (disagreement) Suggestions for Future Research 
APA Reference: Properly formatted APA, 7 References. 
Methodology: Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods. 
Problem: Research problem (general problem and gap in the literature) stated in the article. 
Purpose: Research purpose addressed in the article. 
Limitations: Limitations of the study stated in article. 
Conclusions: Conclusions (outcomes) of the study stated in the article. 
Diversity of Perspective: How diversity, equity, and inclusion are expressed in the article. 
Areas of Convergence: How conclusions (outcomes) agree with those in other articles selected. 
Areas of Divergence: How conclusions (outcomes) disagree with those in other articles selected.  
Suggestions for Future Research:  Suggestions for Future Research stated in the article. 
Part 2: 
Identify and evaluate two additional potential areas of focus. 
For example, a study that may have been originally focused on the impacts of Covid-19 on vulnerable children may now be narrowed to a) increased aggression in these children or b) changes in cognitive processing resulting from school closures during the pandemic. 
Evaluate how each of these two potential areas of focus will add to the literature and why they are important to study. Include appropriate References and Citations. 
Length: This assignment must be 5-7 pages (Part 1 should be 4-5 pages and Part 2 should be 1-2 pages) (excluding the title and reference pages). 
References: Include a minimum of 7 new additional scholarly resources. 

The 5 questions required for each Talk are listed below. These are ESSAY In order to receive full-credit, you must fully answer the questions with well-constructed sentences and thoughtful answers. Please pay attention to grammar. This is the assignment where students lose the most points in this class, typically due to lack of effort.
If I can’t tell that you actually WATCHED the Talk based on your responses, I will not award you credit.
In your own words, summarize the main points of the TED Talk.
What part of the TED Talk was most interesting to you? Least interesting? Why?
Describe one new concept that you learned after watching the TED Talk.
Describe how this TED Talk is related to developmental psychology and what we are currently discussing in class. You may use your book as well as lecture notes to help you answer this question.
Describe how this TED Talk is related to your own development (i.e. what did you get from it/how is it applicable to your own life).

ntroduction to Counseling 
Guidelines for Research Paper 
General Information 
The assignment is to write a 7-10 page typed research paper using APA style. The paper must contain at least 6 sources, no more than two of which can be Internet sources. If you are using an online version of a published journal, you do not have to count that as an Internet source. 
For those of you unfamiliar with APA style there are online tutorials that may assist you. The site: Purdue OWL, is very helpful and easy to use. This site includes links to other references to APA style and sample APA papers. There are also copies of the APA Publication Manual in the library. For those of you who are Psychology majors, it would be in your best interest to purchase the publication manual – you will be using it a lot! 
A Complete Paper Should Include 
Title Page (includes header, p.#, running head, title, author and class) 
Abstract (a one-paragraph summary [150-250 words] of what your paper is 
about) 
Body or Text (this is what I count in the 7-10 pages) 
Reference Page (an alphabetized list of all the sources you used for the paper) 
Topic 
The topic of the paper must cover some aspect of counseling theory or its application. Do not merely write a biographical sketch of the founder of a theory or an overview of a theory we have discussed in class. A suggestion is to choose an approach or an issue and apply it to a particular situation. Some examples of this would be: 
Using Reality Therapy with Adolescent Substance Abusers 
Group Therapy Approaches to Helping Children of Divorce 
Ethical Conflicts in Applying Confidentiality Guidelines 
When to Refer, When Not To 
Counseling Children with ADHD 
Grief Counseling with Victims of “Downsizing” 
These are some examples – this does not represent a total list of topics from which you can choose. Use your imagination and analytical skills, as well as your interests to develop a topic. If you get stuck and can not seem to find something to write about, or you have a topic but do not know if it is acceptable, consult with me and I will help you refine your choice. 
Evaluation 
The grading rubric can be found in iLearn. I DO count off for errors of grammar, style, spelling, sentence structure, etc., so write carefully and proof your paper well. I also know the content, many of the sources, and check the sources I do not know; so do not turn in inaccurate material and expect a good grade. It is in your best interest to familiarize yourself with the grading rubric and ask for clarification on any point you do not understand. 
General Guidelines 
Some general guidelines for APA style research papers are as follow: 
Paper should be typed in 12-point serif font (such as Courier, Palatino or Times New Roman)
Paper should have one-inch margins on all sides
Each page should have a header (which is the first couple of words from your title – not your name!) placed ½ inch from the top of the page, starting at the left margin; the page number should appear in the header at the right margin. You will need to use your Header Function in order to make this work properly.
EVERY source you use for the paper should be cited in the text using the (Author, Date) format
The page number will be included in the citation if it is a direct quote
you state an idea or provide information that is not common knowledge you MUST cite where it came from (otherwise it is plagiarism!)
Quotes of 40 or more words need to be set apart as a block quote with the left margin indented 5-7 spaces
Terms that are abbreviated are written out completely the first time they are used, followed by the abbreviation in parentheses, then always abbreviated thereafter
For example: Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)
There should be no one-sentence paragraphs
Each and every citation used in the manuscript should be correctly noted in the References section

Description: This assignment requires you to use empirical research to evaluate a developmental
issue during 1 segment of the lifespan.
Purpose: Throughout this course, it has been emphasized that developmental psychology is a
science. While theory construction is important, the testing of theory with empirical research is
what sets developmental psychology apart from mere opinion or advice. This assignment will
allow you to practice reviewing empirical literature to evaluate an issue in human development
*apa 7th edition professional style
* triple- check all apa citations
* make sure all headings are at level 1 
* five empirical peer reviewed articles5 empirical studies in peer-reviewed journals empirical studies in peer-reviewed journals
* all other information will be in the files, please follow the instructions.  

Final Paper
Audience: Your reader knows about the ideas you’re talking about, but has not read these articles.  Your audience is a group of professional who work with people. Your goal is to make an argument about a pattern of development that is related to each theme. Don’t talk directly to people about their choices or their lives.
Format:    APA or MLA format. Choose one and be consistent.
Other:       No title page necessary.  One inch margins, 12-point font, double-spaced, no extra spaces between paragraphs. 
Content:
The final paper based on one specific thesis developed from the readings.  See the reader on page 12 for more detail on the 4 criteria: (1) focus on and describe a specific psychological question, (2) state your point (3) support your argument, and (4) describe an alternative viewpoint (counterpoint) and their best support.  Remember, your goal is to show your understanding of course sources and an ability to integrate them. 
Outside sources are nice and not required.  Spend most of your time finding ideas in the course readings.  Show your critical thinking by relating the authors’ ideas to your thesis. Organize your paper by topics, not by sources. You can revise the paper after seminar because it is due by midnight the next night on Canvas.
List of Sources Used from Course Reader. Required for outline, draft, and final.
Length – a guideline, not a minimum or maximum. A typical good paper is about 6-8 pages and has 9-12 course sources.  See student papers in reader and extra ones on Canvas.
I need to add more and revise the attached essay and i also attached the book I am using that we need our resoursces from

Read the attached study and analyze the methodology of the research. Discuss in detail if you observe any drawbacks in the study, discuss the possible drawbacks and what could have been done differently? Do the findings of the study undermine the benefits of breast-feeding and add value to the practice of bottle-feeding? Is the best practice breastfeeding? Research other articles on the topic of breastfeeding, choose on additional article and compare/contrast with the assigned article. Meaning does other research agree or disagree with the article assigned.

Write a 3-4 page APA FORMAT article summary (Double-spaced, 12 pt Times
New Roman Font). Also, include a Reference Page (You do not need an
abstract!) with your article referenced in APA format. Information on APA formatting
can be found at the following website: PurdueOwl In your writing, be sure to include (1)
what the article is about, (2) why it is important, (3) what future research is proposed in the article, and (4) what your opinion is overall of the research. In
addition, include your reference page with your listed article.

constructive feedbacks:
1. In the summary section, I think adding the research experiment’s results and alignment with the hypothesis would be beneficial. There’s plenty of space to do so, as the references and AI interaction sections don’t contribute to the word count for this assignment. Your current summary is refined, and adding the research results will add coherence and completeness to your paper.
2. While I believe it was a good idea to use more than 1 scholarly sources, your work could benefit by focusing on only one article. Your work could also improve by explaining the hypothesis more explicitly and factoring out its significance. You could also improve the writing by elaborating on the result and the conclusion of the study.
3.Overall your summary and proposed research display a strong grasp of the research topic but one suugestion for improvement would be to delve a bit deeper into the strategies for adressing the methodological considerations in the longitidinal resrach. For instance, you can discuss the sources of bias, or strategies for reducing participant dropout. Moreover to strengthen the validity and reliability of your work you could explore alternative data colllection methods.
4. If you were to change one thing to significantly improve your work, it would be to change the study that you are summarizing. As listed in the requirements of phase 1, we have to summarize one the articles above, this was not one of them. Your summary is pretty close to the article “Individual differences influencing the relationship between online social support and addictive use of social media”, if you choose to summarize that instead, you can use the article by Kim et al. as a supporting source. Aside from that, your summary should also talk about the result of the experiment. What was the result of the internet surveys? Does it support the hypothesis or theory?
5. One area that could enhance your summary and proposal is the integration of more specific examples or explanations about how the measures (RSQ, OSSS, and BSMAS) are utilized in the study. Providing a brief description of what these scales measure and how they contribute to the overall research could offer readers a more comprehensive understanding. Additionally, expanding on how the results of the proposed longitudinal study could be applied in practical interventions would strengthen the real-world relevance of your research extension.
6. Honestly I think you may be confused as to what the assignment entails. Technically you were suppose to summerize one of the two articles posted and answering the assignment questions. While you did parts of the assignment questions, a couple are missing such as: theory and the results. Maybe in the reflection part of this assignment you can try and fix it?
Assignment requirement:
Instructions
The following two research articles will be part of this activity …
Individual differences influencing the relationship between online social support and addictive use of social mediaDownload Individual differences influencing the relationship between online social support and addictive use of social media
Evaluation of a formative peer assessment in research methods teaching using an online platformDownload Evaluation of a formative peer assessment in research methods teaching using an online platform
You will be focusing on one of these for the steps below, and you can choose which one.  Look at the tasks described below, then check out both papers.  Decide which one you feel most comfortable summarizing.  By the way, if the paper describes more than one experiment, you can focus on just one experiment.  So find the experiment you most like!
1. Summarize the experiment from one of these articles in your own words (with proper APA citations). Your summary should include all of the following information:
Discuss the theory was the research based on (Note, these are sometimes not explicitly stated.  You may have to figure it out once you identify the hypothesis)
Highlight at least one of the hypotheses the experiment was meant to address
Discuss all relevant variables, and specify if they were dependent or independent variables
What research method was being used to address the hypothesis?
What was the result of the research? Did the result confirm the hypothesis or not?
2. Imagine you are now the researcher, and do the following:
Propose an experiment that could extend this research further.   
Explain why you think it would be a good idea to conduct this follow up experiment. 
To get the best grade, try to justify your idea in the context of the theory.  How might your experiment provide a better understanding of what is happening?  That is, rather than just saying “I’d do it again with more participants” try to come up with another prediction that flows from the theory and suggest a test for it.
3. Use chatGPTLinks to an external site. (or any generative A.I. tool)  as your research assistant and do the following:
Tell the A.I. your proposed research question/experiment, along with any other details you think are relevant, and ask it how your experiment might help future researchers better understand the theory. 
Fill out out the Interaction log and add it as a PDF attachment in peerScholar (see below). 
We encourage students to use many tools to clarify concepts as well as for brainstorming ideas, this can include A.I. tech like ChatGPT.  These tools are meant to be used for learning and research, rather than relying on them to complete your work (you’ve read the syllabus and did the AIM module, so no need to post more Academic Integrity warnings here 🙂  Although fairly new, learning how to use these A.I. tools for research purposes can be very beneficial.   
So what is an interaction log & why does it need to be included in this activity?  An interaction log is a simple document where you add questions (prompts) & responses from the A.I. tool. For example, maintaining an interaction log promotes transparency in how ChatGPT is used, while also providing insights into students’ learning processes.
(copy the following into a Google Doc and export as a PDF when completed).
————————————————-
Student Interaction History Log:
Date/Time: [Timestamp]
Name of A.I./LLM:  [e.g., chatGPT 3.5]
Purpose of Interaction: [e.g., Concept clarification, brainstorming]
Questions/Prompts Asked to the A.I.:
[Question 1]. <--- you can ask 1 or more questions related to your proposed experiment.  [Question 2] [Question 3] Response(s) Received: [Response 1] <--- for each question you ask, copy and paste the response from the A.I.    [Response 2] [Response 3] Duration of Interaction: [e.g., 8 minutes] ------------------------------------------------- Your summary and proposal paper should be between 500 and 800 words (excluding reference list, citations, and Interaction log). If your work is noticeably outside these guidelines, you will lose marks. The summary section of your paper is worth 4 marks, your research extension is worth 2 marks, so the amount of words devoted to each should roughly follow that proportion (2/3 summary, 1/3 research extension.) You will also get 1 mark for attaching your Interaction log (you will not be graded on the content of the log).  Remember from your syllabus that you are expected to back up your work in a Google Doc as you go, and then paste it into peerScholar for submission before the deadline.  This is for two reasons: Google Docs auto-saves your work, and peerScholar doesn't.  If your connection times out of peerScholar or your computer crashes, you might lose the work  Google Docs records timestamps of all edits made to the document. This means that if there is a technical issue with your submission, you'd be able to prove that you completed it before the deadline.

nstructions
Week 6 Assignment: Recruiting a Terrorist
Recruitment methods employed by terrorist organizations are varied in nature and have been compared to those of traditional, nonviolent organizations.  Complete a 10 to 12 slide PowerPoint (not including title slide or reference page) in which you examine the recruitment methods and tools used by modern terrorist organizations. In your examination, address the following elements:
Select a modern terrorist organization, identifying the primary method of recruitment used to attract members to the organization.
Describe the tools, methods of communication, and typical sequence of events followed during this stage of recruitment.
Investigate the ways in which the selected terrorist organization completes the selection process.
Include a detailed discussion of the methods used to determine recruit suitability within the organization, including, but not limited to, knowledge tests, ability tests, tests of loyalty, etc.
Explore the influence of modern technology in the recruitment of terrorists.
Examine the ways in which technology has expanded the reach of modern terrorism, affecting the incidence of the individual acts of terrorism, or lone wolf attacks.
Close by addressing the ways in which the recruitment in terrorist organizations is comparable to or distinctly different from recruitment in traditional, nonviolent organizations. Provide details to support the position taken.
In developing your work, be sure to rely upon academic, scholarly sources to support the definitions and recommendations provided. Scholarly sources should be cited both in-text (speakers notes) and on the reference page of the submission. A minimum of five academic, scholarly sources are required to be cited in the work, 3 of which must be peer-reviewed journal articles.  Course materials may not be used.  
Work should be submitted in a PowerPoint file and be 10 to 15 slides in length, excluding the required title slide and separate reference slide.  You should ensure your PPT meets the following criteria in addition to covering the topics above:
The slides should contain mostly bullet point data related to the requirements expected in the instructions above.
Information on slides (including the reference slide) should be easily readable with an appropriate font size (do not cram all the information onto one slide and shrink the font).
Formatting should be consistent throughout the submission, this includes font, bullets, spacing, alignment, pictures, etc.
A background appropriate to the topic should be used on all slides and the background should be appropriate for the font (style, size, color, etc.), bullets, and graphics you have chosen.
Pictures and graphics (appropriate to the overall topic and the slide itself) should be included throughout the submission to keep the presentation interesting and add an additional dimension to the presentation, a good rule is a picture every other slide at least.
A title slide should be included with the same information that would be found on an APA formatted paper cover sheet.
All detailed explanations should be in the speakers notes only.  Use of comments or any other method of adding additional information is not allowed.
Detailed speaker notes should accompany each slide with in-text citations.  Your speakers notes should equal at least a 5-6 page APA formatted paper to ensure you have covered the topic thoroughly.
Submissions should be formatted per APA standards. For assistance and resources on APA formatting style, contact the APUS library and/or the APUS writing center.  Be sure to review the rubric and the announcements before beginning and submitting your assignment.