Category: Political Science

Title should be – SWOT Analysis and Theory of Change: Collaborative In- Person Substance Disorders for High School Students 
FINAL PROJECT
POLS 1700 
By: 
The sample below is what I need. I want this to be about collaborative substance abuse disorders for high school students. The theme should be red, black and gray for the theme of drugs .
Instructions- These are the instructions:  I want my project to be about Substance Use disorders for High School Students
As an example, your theory of change will likely take up one page, your SWOT analysis may take anywhere from half a page to a full page, and your narrative description of both the SWOT analysis and Theory of Change, can take up to two pages. Ultimately, your final exam can range from 2-4 pages total.  
The focus can is on helping a community with substance abuse , as it relates  to serving communities or as it relates to  pandemics. However, while this is broad, it helps to think about an initiative that will support a community and promote social justice. Some of you may be able to use your research paper topic. 
Your Theory of Change is a discussion of an intervention and a long term solution and your SWOT analysis assesses your intervention. 
As an example, if your Theory of Change notes that you will reduce homelessness through a work and housing focused program, then your SWOT analysis should discuss the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of your work and housing focused program.  
If your Theory of Change is that you will promote an urban gardening program to improve nutrition, then your SWOT analysis should assess that proposed program. 
Additionally, for this task, the minimum requirement of line items per column of your theory of change is two, with the exception of the problem you are wanting to solve. The minimum requirement of line items for your SWOT analysis sections depends on whether there are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities or threats. (this may average 3 each) 
As a good rule of thumb, you should  be thoughtful in your responses. For example, you should have at least one problem you are trying to solve in your theory of change, be thoughtful in who your audience is, which may result in two to five line items for the next column, and so on. The maximum number per column for this assignment is 8 line items. In other words, you don’t need to list 10 wider community benefits in your Theory of Change, nor do you need to list 10 strengths, etc. in your SWOT analysis. I provided a sample to assist.
Work CITED included for research on “ high school students substance abuse” make sure to put authors last name in parentheses and a whole work cited mage in MLA format.
Work CITED included | this should be a Microsoft PDF

I will provide 6 articles. The hypothesis for the paper is: households with lower income are more likely to perceive financial hardship due to inflation. The independent variable is income level and the dependent variable is perception of financial hardship. See attached professors instructions and the articles.

Using the topic chosen for your final project in Unit 3, write up a policy analysis on the current situation, identify existing challenges, and provide solutions or suggestions to improve the practices in intergovernmental relations. The policy report may analyze an actual situation or even discuss the hypothetical situation (if you cannot find a relevant case or data). The objective of this assignment is to offer an opportunity for students to connect the knowledge they obtained from the lecture with empirical cases and practices in the public arena (even at a hypothetical level). This assignment intends to raise the analytical capability of students to assess the situation from a political, economic, and societal perspective. Students are required to identify empirical data and case for their policy analysis paper. Students will have to clarify how the selected cases and data contribute to addressing specific public policy issues and problems from an inter-governmental relation point of view. Students may choose to address a specific grant program, public policy, or regulation. The public policy issue can be local, state, or federal government levels. The case can be either a U.S. case or an international case from a comparative perspective.
Analyze the current situation on the selected public policy and identify existing challenges or social problems. What kinds of challenges are public policy makers and main stakeholders facing? In order to be able to answer this question, break down internal actors and external stakeholders of the public policy first.
After the breakdown, identify major tasks and challenges by these identified actors and stakeholders.
Your submission should be around 750 words. All papers must be submitted through the LMS and will not be accepted through email. As you review your papers prior to submission, please ensure that no more than 25% of your paper is cited material. Please use APA format. Your papers must contain original content and not be an example of “copy and paste” material from articles. Please remember that SafeAssign heavily scrutinizes your paper for plagiarism and so do I.
my chosen topic is immigration policy

( Please no outside sources please read all instructions and chapters that i have provided due to the teachers pickiness i really need to make sure someone is following insturctions since i couldnt download his lectures i had to dictate them i also provided chapters 11, 12, and 13 since i couldnt download the book either…… here is the  discussion he has had with me so you wil know in advance on what and what not to do as well.. {
You still have 25% of your grade left to be determined. I would focus your energies on doing well on the last exam. Remember, these are open book and open note exams. You should answer each question as comprehensively as possible. Looking at your last exam it seems that you simply left out critical information in your answer. The information has been given to you. You simply need to use it in your answers.} Im not trying to fail.. sorry for the long post… 
Instrucions: 
HIS122: US History Since 1877
Exam 3 Study Guide
Instructions: •  You may choose when to complete the exam within the exam window, but it must be completed in one sitting.• Students are required to submit their own work. Although study groups are permitted/encouraged, multiple students may not submit the same essay. No chatbots/AI generators are permitted. o Cheating/Plagiarism will result in a score of 0. Second offense = course failure. • Use only the assigned materials in the course: lectures, PowerPoints, and readings. No unassigned sources are permitted without prior approval from the Instructor (citations are required). o Use basic parenthetical citations for sources. Lecture = (O’Connell Gennari, “Name of Lecture”). Textbook = (Carnes, p. #). Additional readings = (Author, “Title”). One citation per paragraph is recommended. A Works Cited/Reference list is not required. • Three of the following questions will appear on the exam. Students are required to submit only 1 essay from the 3 options. Leave the remaining questions blank. o All questions have been entered into Canvas; selection is randomly generated. It is recommended that students prepare multiple essays. o A blank exam or submitting an essay to a question not on the exam will be scored F/40. o If more than 1 essay is submitted, only the first will be scored. o Standard rules of English grammar apply (sentences/paragraphs are required.) o Submit the essay in the Canvas text box. No file attachments will be accepted. o Suggested essay length: 1000-1200 words. Absolute maximum essay length: 1300 words. 
Question Pool: 1. The civil rights movement gained momentum in the 1950s and 1960s, nearly 90 years after Reconstruction. Analyze why the movement finally took after World War II. What were the major successes? What backlash did the movement receive after 1965? 
2. Analyze the role of the Vietnam War and Watergate scandal in the US’s political transformation during the 1970s and 1980s. Provide at least 3 historical examples (total) to explain the collapse of American optimism. 
3. Analyze the implementation of conservative policies in Ronald Reagan’s administration. Provide at least 3 specific historic examples (total) to explain the shift in foreign and domestic policy from 1981 to 1989. 
4. Analyze the impact of the conservative revolution on Bill Clinton’s administration. Provide at least 3 historical examples to explain the ways in which Clinton accepted the premises of his opposition. 
5. Analyze the effects of 9/11 on the United States in the twenty-first century. Provide at least 3 historical examples to explain the ways in which the War on Terror affected American foreign and domestic policies  

2-page, double-spaced paper comparing and contrasting readings of your choosing from the week.
Reading Sources:
The Bureaucracy 
Terry Moe, “The Politics of Bureaucratic Structure,” in John E. Chubb and Paul E. Peterson, eds., Can the Government Govern? (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press), 1989, pp. 267-85.
John Cassidy, “Anatomy of a Meltdown: Ben Bernanke and the Financial Crisis,” The New Yorker, December 1st, 2008.
Andrew Prokop, “How Barack Obama is expanding presidential power — and what it means for the future.” Vox. 9 Sep 2014.
Brady Dennis and Juliet Eilpern, “How Scott Pruitt Turned the EPA into One of Trump’s Most Powerful Tools, ” The Washington Post, December 31st, 2017.
The Courts
Federalist Paper #78
Cass R Sunstein, “Judges and Democracy: The Changing Role of the Supreme Court,” in Kermit A. Hall and Kevin T. McGuire, eds., The Judicial Branch (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 2005, pp. 32-59.
Keith Whittington, “Is the Supreme Court a Court?”
Jack M. Balkin, “From Off the Wall to On the Wall: How the Mandate Challenge Went Mainstream,” The Atlantic, June 4, 2012

Please write me a 400-600 words proposed intervention about the air pollution that is going on in Poland. Please make sure you use sources and make sure to CITE those sources please please please. More instructions that been posted in the file below but write me 400-600 words about things that can be done to help the air pollution that is going on in Poland.

Each student will pick a subject among the presentation topics.article structure:
introduction
abstractText discussion
conclusion

I ONLY need part 2 done, which would be the 6-8 page essay. Part one can be completely ignored (the 5 term thing) I already did it! Additionally, we are to only use our notes and class readings for this assignment. I have included screenshots of all of the cases we have covered and will also provide any readings we went over!

Format and Details of
Assignment:
Each student
is required to submit a Critical Reading Review as a course requirement. These
“critical reviews” should be 5-6 pages in length (12-point font
double spaced). Please do not exceed the 6 page limit. You should briefly
summarize the author’s arguments and then assess the reading. Like any essay, a
reading review needs to have a thesis which you will argue or defend, using
evidence from the text. However, the thesis of your review should not focus on
whether you agree with the thesis of the author whom you are reviewing. Rather
it needs to be your assessment of the text: how effective and persuasive it is,
and how relevant it is to the topic.
You are not required to do any
outside research for the Critical Review, although you may find that it helps you to situate the work
under review within a broader literature. You can also draw on course readings
to help provide context or illustrate your points. However, research is not
necessary to do well and should be minimized. The article you are reviewing
should be at the top of the first page of the review, not in a bibliography. Citations
and a bibliography are required if you use any other sources, and you must
document direct quotes/ideas taken from the piece under review. 
ARTICLE UNDER REVIEW ” WALIA ” ( File attached )

PSPL202 -STATE or LOCAL POLICY BRIEF ASSIGNMENT
For this assignment you will select a policy in Pennsylvania related to your own choice of policy areas. There
are different approaches to this. You can select a single law or policy and analyze that policy. Or, you can
identify a problem that needs a new policy or a change in policy. We will work on choosing and developing
your topic, and many of our discussions and assignments will relate to the compilation of this project. When
you are finished you will have a 5 page maximum written issue brief on your selected issue. You will do all
relevant research, compilation and editing to create a simple, solid, clear 3-5 page issue brief to be provided to
non-experts who are charged with making policy decisions about the issue. To write a solid brief, please expect
to write up to eight or more pages of text, then pare it down to the essentials.
STEP I
Review the materials on policy briefs, including the short explanatory videos and review the sample briefs
provided in the course materials. (Do a content search of “brief” and the sub-module will appear)
STEP II
Select a policy area. You have done this/will do this as part of Discussion Prompt in Module three. You might
already have an idea in mind, or you can review the prompt for the discussion for ideas on where to look. In
addition, module four is bursting with materials on the following policy areas: Education, Crime, Health,
Environment, Energy & Civil Rights. Make sure that your focus is State, County or Municipal level policy.
STEP III
Select a law/policy from Pennsylvania related to that policy area. This can be a state, county or municipal law
or policy. This will be the topic for your policy analysis. For example, if your policy area is EDUCATION, you
might choose Requirements for Teacher Certification, or Random Drug Testing of Student Athletes, or Funding
of Charter and Cyber Schools or cyber graduation requirements. Notice that your law/policy might deal with
more than one policy area (ex: drug testing deals with EDUCATION, CRIME and HEALTH). That’s okay.
STEP IV
Review the purpose and content of an Issue Brief (below) and start your research!
Your final policy brief for this class will include:
● Maximum 5 pages, not including appendices and references
● Title: This quickly communicates the contents of the brief in a memorable way.
● Your name and contact information – YOU are the expert, so your reader needs to know how to
reach you.
● Executive Summary (similar to an abstract) : WHAT is the problem? One to two paragraphs
maximum; this includes an overview of the problem, necessary definitions and for this brief, the
proposed policy action.
● History/background: What is the policy/law? Is it an idea that has been proposed, or is it existing?
What is the history of the policy or the desire to change the policy? What problem was/is it intended to
correct? How long has it been a problem, etc…. Depending on your individual issue, the History might
work well as part of the Context/Scope and/or the Policy Alternatives sections – you make that decision
for yourself.
● Context or Scope of Policy: WHY does it matter? WHY is this law or policy necessary? This section
communicates details about the issue and the importance of the problem. This is where you discuss the
impact on stakeholders. It aims to convince the reader of the necessity of policy action. Consider using
graphs or charts to assist with this section. Aside from anything else you use you answer these
questions, make sure to include:
➢ Current Law:
Begin with what section of the PA code deals with this issue. List any current law or regulatory
framework related to the issue.
Research tip:
○ When you research, make sure you are focused on Pennsylvania laws or
county/municipal regulations.
○ start here with the state statutes: https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/li/public/
○ Do a news search in general on Google or in SpotlightPA for any news coverage
➢ Pending laws, if any:
Check to see what sort of legislation has been proposed, but has not passed in recent sessions,
or is currently pending in this session.
Research tip:
○ Start here with legislation: https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/home/bills/
➢ Recent Court Cases:
Check for recent court cases related to the law, or enforcement actions of a law. For example, if
your bill is on medical marijuana, cases related to incarceration for marijuana possession, or
perhaps cases dealing with rules related to firearm ownership and marijuana.
Research tip:
○ Cases of Public Interest:
https://www.pacourts.us/news-and-statistics/cases-of-public-interest
○ While in the www.pacourts.us website, click on the NEWS link (notice at the top right
corner the ability to change the year for the News releases?)
○ Do a news search of SpotlightPA or Google News for any news coverage
● Policy Alternatives and Related Critiques: This section discusses the current policy approach and
explains proposed options/alternatives. It should always include the status quo (do nothing
different/make no changes). Options should be presented in a fair and accurate manner. You should
ALWAYS complete a policy alternatives matrix (which will be done as an assignment during the course)
before writing this section. Do not fall into a trap of “knowing what should be done” prior to doing your
research and analysis. Take the time to consider the merits and pitfalls of each option.
● References/Resources
○ This will be in two parts:
■ Within the brief itself create a section that gives your readers a few suggestions on
where to go for more information. Consider formatting as a list of URL links, or the
names of specific agencies, resources, etc…. are helpful.
■ An academic references page, formatting according to APA. A minimum of 8 resources
from unique sources. This is NOT something that is usually included in a brief, but I
want you to provide a reference for each source used. This will be included at the very
end of your submission, as an appendix.
RUBRIC FOR PSPL 202 FINAL POLICY ANALYSIS
Excellent Good Fair Consider redo
and resubmit
Completed with accurate, thorough,
organized and summarized
information that reflects the thoughtful
consideration of the directions. Covers
all required sections: Executive
Summary, Context/Scope of Problem,
Policy Alternatives &
Recommendation
36-40
All elements
present and
correct
31-35
Most elements
present and
correct
26-30
Some elements
present and
correct
0-25
Does not follow
instructions/
include required
content
/40
Begins with a well-defined problem
that can be addressed at the level of
policy. Thoughtful consideration of
both audience and purpose in
language, tone and format. Does not
exceed 5 pages in length, excluding
appendices & references.
27-30
All elements
present and
correct
23-26
Most elements
present and
correct
19-22
Some elements
present and
correct
0-18
Does not follow
instructions/
include required
content
/30
Author’s name and contact information
clearly stated in brief. Credit clearly
given to any visuals, charts, direct
quotations, etc… All necessary
citations provided using in-text APA
formatting, but 2+ resources that are
formatted with your audience in mind
included at the end of the last page of
the brief (see directions).
14-15
All elements
present and
correct
11-13
Most elements
present and
correct
7-10
Some elements
present and
correct
0-6
Does not follow
instructions/
include required
content
/15
Mechanics & formality: correct
spelling, grammar and paragraph
structure, typed and professional
presentation.
9-10
All elements
present and
correct
7-8
Most elements
present and
correct
6
Some elements
present and
correct
0-5
Does not follow
instructions/
include required
content
/10
Creative formatting, colors, applicable
images, charts, etc… designed to
appeal to audience.
9-10
All elements
present and
correct
7-8
Most elements
present and
correct
6
Some elements
present
0-5
Does not follow
instructions/
include required
content
/10
Appendices fit the formatting and tone
of the brief. Includes a minimum of
two items: Your complete, thoughtful
shareholder matrix and an APA
formatted references page that
includes a minimum of 8 reference
entries from unique sources.
14-15
All elements
present and
correct
11-13
Most elements
present and
correct
7-10
Some elements
present and
correct
0-6
Does not follow
instructions/
include required
content
/15
TOTAL: /120
12/23
The Framework of an Issue Brief
Throughout the course you will be developing skills, doing research and practicing the art and science of
politics to prepare a final policy brief submission that, if done correctly, can be used in a portfolio as you seek
other educational opportunities, jobs or internships in any area of public service, politics or policy. Writing your
policy brief will be a process, which will begin with writing smaller, more focused, and less normative (opinion)
based briefs. We will make full use of your private writing & research forum, as well as a few group-related
projects, to develop these skills, as well as this final document.
Policy Briefs
What are policy briefs? A policy brief presents a concise summary of information that can help readers who
are not experts in the field understand, and likely make decisions about, government policies. Ideally, policy
briefs give objective summaries of relevant information and research, suggest possible policy options, and
sometimes go even further and advocate for particular courses of action. The purpose of this policy brief is to
convince the target audience of the urgency of the current problem and the need to adopt the preferred
alternative or course of action you recommend.
Example: Imagine that you’re an elected official serving on a committee that sets the standards cars must meet to pass a
state inspection. You know that this is a complex issue, and you’d like to learn more about existing policies, the effects of
emissions on the environment and on public health, the economic consequences of different possible approaches, and
more–you want to make an informed decision. But you don’t have time to research all of these issues. You need a staff
member to prepare a policy brief.
What to consider when writing a policy brief:
● YOU ARE THE EXPERT: You must approach the research as if you are seeking expertise – assume
that at some point you will walk into a room of powerful people who are uninformed about the issue. In
that room, at that moment, you will be expected to know absolutely everything about the topic, and be
able to answer any and all questions about it, or to at least know where to find the answer. Be. The.
Expert.
● Audience In your college writing experiences you have most likely addressed your peers and your
professors. Policy briefs are usually created for a more general reader or policy maker who has a stake
in the issue that you’re discussing. Assume your audience has little background knowledge in the
topic, but is being asked to make important decisions about the topic.
● Tone and terminology Clear language is especially important in policy briefs. If you find yourself using
jargon, replace it with more direct language that a non-specialist reader would be more likely to
understand. When specialized terminology is necessary, explain it/define it as you use it.
● Purpose Policy briefs are distinct in their focus on communicating the practical implications of research
to a specific audience. Unlike a research paper, a policy brief is focused on going beyond providing
background information – it wants to help readers decide what they should do, or how they should act. (I
have provided you with a sample of a purpose statement above)
● Format Policy briefs have a distinctive format. They tend to use lots of headings and have relatively
short sections. This structure differs from many short papers or essays. The goal is not length or
exhaustive details, but clear, concise and simplified. A good brief might start out as 20 pages of
research, then be simplified down to just a few pages (with the option of creating appendices). Unlike a
final product in essay format, your text should ideally be formatted in an interesting, easy to skim format
with images, charts, graphs, etc… as needed.
The Process of Creating Your Brief : The process will depend on the purpose of your brief. Some briefs are
simply to inform of things as they are; some have a purpose to identify a need for action; others focus on both
identifying a need and presenting the best solution. The directions below fit best with this third option.
STEP 1: Identify a problem for your policy brief.
An effective policy brief must propose a solution to a well-defined problem that can be addressed at the
level of policy. This may sound easy, but it can take a lot of work to think of a problem that adheres to all three
of these requirements.
1. Define the problem
2. List its contributing factors as specifically as possible.
3. Consider what concrete policy action (at the local, state, or national level) would be feasible.
For example “bad spending habits in young adults” might be a problem, but it must first be defined since you can’t simply
implement a policy to “make better financial decisions.” Instead, do some research and narrow it down. What are the
causes of “bad spending habits in young adults”? Is the problem a lack of financial education, predatory lending practices,
dishonest advertising, or something else? Narrow to one cause that can be approached with concrete policy action. For
example, a well-defined, actionable problem could be: “Dishonest credit card advertising targeting young adults”.
STEP 2: Research
Expect that your initial draft of your written brief might run three or four times the page limit you are given. This
is expected and a good thing – it is because you will have done such great research – and since you want to be
an expert on the topic, the more information you have, the better.
***As you research your topic, always keep track of your resources****.
ISSUE:
What is the general issue? What is your specific problem? What does it affect? Who does it affect?
Why is it a problem? Who cares?
What is the history? How long has it been a problem, etc….
POLICY:
What is the current policy/laws related to your specific, defined problem? What about the general issue
area? (are there any?)
What are other approaches that are used/have been used?
What happens in places where there is no policy?
STAKEHOLDERS:
Who is involved? What individuals? What groups? What agencies/political entities? Who benefits?
Who is harmed?
Consider “what” benefits/is harmed, too. For example, the environment, water quality, education, health
care access, etc…)
Can you identify potential unintended consequences?
THE DATA (Statistics):
What is the data? How is it collected?
What other data might be out there?
What are some other ways to look at the issue? Are there different
What else could/should be collected? (What type of data would be helpful?)
Once you answer what type of data would be helpful, check in case that data already exists.
OPTIONS:
Create a matrix of options, then consider the potential outcomes of each for a variety of stakeholders.
This can take some research of different ways it is dealt with in other places, as well as imagination and
thoughtful reflection and critique on your research.
STEP 3: Framing the issue
Once you’ve identified the well-defined problem, as well as your preferred choice for action, you need
to decide how you will present it to your reader. Your own process of identifying the problem likely had
some stops, starts, and dead-ends, but your goal in framing the issue for your reader is to provide the
most direct path to understanding the problem and the proposed policy change. Think of some of the
most pressing questions your audience will have and attempt to preemptively answer those questions.
Here are some questions you might want to consider:
● What is the problem?
○ Understanding what the problem is, in the clearest terms possible, will give your reader a
reference point. Later, when you’re discussing complex information, your reader can refer back
to the initial problem. Every piece of information in the brief should be clearly and easily
connected to the problem.
● What is the scope of the problem?
○ Knowing the extent of the problem helps to frame the policy issue for your reader. Is the
problem statewide, national, or international? How many people does this issue affect? Daily?
Annually? This is a great place for any statistical information you may have gathered through
your research.
● Who are the stakeholders?
○ Determining the stakeholders is an essential part of your research and is integral to framing the
issue. Who does this issue affect? Adult women? College-educated men? Children from
bilingual homes? The primary group(s) being affected is important, and knowing who this group
is/these groups are allows the reader to assign a face to the policy issue. However, policy
issues can include a complex network of stakeholders. Stakeholders are NOT just beneficiaries.
They are also those negatively affected. Double check whether you have accidentally excluded
any of them from your analysis.
For example, a policy to stop predatory lending to young adults on college campuses would obviously involve college
students. However, it might also include the colleges themselves, residence hall directors, bookstores, banks, parents,
local businesses, perhaps auto dealerships. Some stakeholders might be reluctant to accept your policy change or even
acknowledge the existence of the problem, which is why your brief must be convincing in its use of evidence and clear in
its communication.
STEP 4: Effective policy-writing
● Write, and write, and write some more for your original draft.
● Succinct – Your audience does not have the time or inclination to read an in-depth 20 page argument
on a policy problem. Once you have a clear draft, start editing it down. Be clear, concise, and focused.
This might take more than a few additional drafts.
○ What information is necessary?
○ Does every piece of information focus on my well-defined problem?
○ What information is best conveyed with a picture or graph or bulleted list?
● Make your own graphs and tables. It is very unlikely that an existing chart or table will be exactly
tailored to your purpose and your audience. By creating your own original tables, charts and graphs,
you are showing your expertise, matching the formatting of your chart to your policy brief (i.e. using
complementary colors) and only using specific and relevant data.
● Use clear headings for each section
● Thoughtful and practical: take your time to become an expert and consider all alternatives
● Focused – all aspects of the policy brief (from the message to the layout) need to be strategically
focused on achieving the intended goal of convincing the audience to follow your advice.
● Professional, but not academic – Your audience is not interested in the research process or procedures
conducted to produce the evidence, but are interested to know the writer’s perspective on the problem
and potential solutions.
● Evidence-based – This is NOT about your wit or persuasive techniques. You are an expert and your
audience expects a rational argument that is supported by evidence.