Category: Political Science

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Please Edit this Doc to perfection! My professor is a stickler for APA so please edit to perfection.

A. Introduction
In this section, you should
Introduce your topic.
Discuss your puzzle. Introduce your research question (Ask a why or how question.) 
Discuss the significance of your question. Why is it important or relevant to the field? Why should we care about it? (This addresses the “so what?” question.)
Briefly present your main argument (thesis statement or the answer to the research question), and
Provide a brief roadmap to the paper. How will the paper proceed?
Note: In the Introduction, avoid using jargon. Do not provide overly detailed information. Make it easy for the reader to digest information. (Imagine explaining your research to your family member!)
B. Literature review/Theoretical framework
Discuss existing research/scholarly debate on your research question
What do scholars say about the question?
Group their perspectives/theories by the answer, not by the individual author. You are NOT writing an annotated bibliography. Focus on the concepts, ideas, or perspectives presented.
Critically evaluate what you think is missing in existing studies. Or discuss what you find compelling about someone’s perspective.
C. Hypothesis (assumption)
What do you believe is true about the question you’re asking?  Your hypothesis should be clearly linked to the literature review.
D. Methods (C and D can be combined; or sometimes, B-D are placed in one section)
Discuss how you have gathered data if you conduct a quantitative analysis.
If you are doing a case study, discuss why you have chosen the specific case(s). 
E. Case study/Analysis
This is an extremely important section. Provide detailed empirical information about your case.
Make sure that the case study is relevant to your research question and contributes to the overall objectives of your study
F. Conclusion
Return to your core question. 
Summarize your main argument and findings. 
Discuss the broader implications or propose potential future research directions.
Tips for Literature Review
What have scholars said about your research question?
Discuss what kinds of studies scholars have conducted and how they related to your own research.
How does your research project build on or depart from previous studies?
Avoid writing literature review that is organized by author or year. You wouldn’t want your literature review to resemble an annotated bibliography.
Organize your literature review by perspectives or theories.
Discuss the success and/or shortcomings of the previous research
Case study –            deep analysis of a phenomenon where events are studied in detail

I have added the questions in the file below and they are all multiple choice. PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE give me the correct answers for all of my questions. My grade depends on you. Please I’m begging you do well and answer all of the questions correctly. There are 20 questions and they are all multiple choice.

I’m going to provide the research topic, research question, research theory, operationalization of X and Y, scope, partial literature review, and bibliography, and I need you to write the final research paper, which must follow the following structure: (It is vital that the paper be completed following this format)
Section 1: Introduction that incorporates your research topic and question
Section 2: Literature review that conforms to the parameters provided for the draft literature review
Section 3: Discussion of your theory and hypothesis (or hypotheses)
Section 4: Discussion of your data and methods, including the operationalization of your main independent and dependent control variables and all other parameters required for the draft data and methods section
Section 5: Conclusion discussing how this study would contribute to the literature.
Additionally, I need a draft of the data and methods section to be sent in advance, that answers the following instructions:
Please provide an outline or draft of your data and methods section. In particular, your draft should detail how you are structuring your research and answer the following questions:
What is your unit of observation?
What are your data?
Are your data cross-sectional, time-series, or both?
Where are you getting your data?
Is your study a large-N quantitative study? A case study? 
What is the scope of your data? 
What statistical methods (if any) are you using to test your hypothesis?
Do your data and methods present any issues of reliability or validity? 
Your draft data and methods section will be evaluated on whether: 
Included a sensible unit of observation, whether you included a description of your data (as indicated above),
Your data allows you perform the analysis you describe in the draft,
Your description of data is sufficiently clear in terms of scope (i.e., spatial and temporal units),
You have clearly operationalized your independent and dependent variables;
You have included control variables in your statistical analysis (or otherwise accounted for relevant controls),
You have included a discussion of how you would collect your data,
You have included an explanation of the statistical methods you would use to perform your analysis (if any); and 
You discuss the reliability and validity of your data and methods

Write an essay about the impact of Nayib Bukele as a president of El Salvador. Delve into Bukele’s approach to governance, focusing on his use of social media for citizen engagement, tough stance on crime, and anti-gang measures. Also, make sure the controversies surrounding human rights concerns are also addressed, including accusations of violations related to his policies and conditions in a contentious prison built during his administration.

Final Project (50%): The final research project should be no more than 20 pages in length. We will discuss the specifics of this paper in more detail as the semester develops, but your essential job is to conduct your own, original research paper. The good news is that you will have plenty of time to work on this assignment, and you will be developing and practicing the skills required throughout the semester.

Objective:
Select a piece of major legislation and conduct a
comprehensive analysis of its background, passage, and subsequent impact. Your
paper should delve into the intricacies of the legislative process, public
opinion, and the effects of the legislation. Your paper should be 10 – 15 pages
in length (Times New Roman, 12-pt font, double spaced). Please be sure to cite
your sources and include a works cited page (does not count towards the page
count). Any citation style is fine so long as you use in text citations (ie.
(Author, Date)). MLA preferred.
Major legislation Selected for this Paper:
117th Congress. Major Legislation: Bipartisan Safer Communities Act
Areas to Consider:
1.  
Introduction
a.   
Provide
a brief overview of the chosen legislation.
b.  
Clearly
state the thesis or main argument of your analysis.
2.  
Legislative Background
a.   
Explore
the motivations behind the legislation. Consider historical, social, economic,
or political factors.
b.  
Delve
into the origin and development of the bill. Include any relevant events or
precedents that influenced the bill.
3.  
Public Opinion
a.   
Analyze
how the public felt about the issue at hand before and during the legislative
process.
b.  
Examine
public opinion regarding the bill as it was being debated and refined. Include
polls, editorials, and other indicators of public sentiment.
4.  
Congressional Action
a.   
Identify
and discuss the roles of key Congress members who spearheaded the legislation
and why. Include information on cosponsors and highlight if the effort was
bipartisan and why.
b.  
Describe
the level of involvement from the president or executive branch during the
legislative process.
c.   
Detail
the committees involved in shaping the bill, including any significant
amendments, debates, or hearings.
d.  
Provide
the results of the final vote, noting any notable patterns or divisions within
Congress or notable voting decisions.
5.  
Outcomes and Analysis
a.   
Discuss
the immediate and long-term outcomes of the legislation.
b.  
Analyze
the effectiveness and impact of the law on society, the economy, or other
relevant areas.
Grading Criteria:
A strong paper will demonstrate a thorough
understanding of the legislation’s background, development, and impact. It will
utilize a wide of outside sources and two in-class sources (attached below),
including academic journals, reputable news outlets, and official government
documents. It will be clearly organized and present information in a logical
sequence with clear connections between sections and topics. It will employ
clear, concise language with correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling.

Must write pages of the used reference in the citation.
The essay question is:
The Middle East political landscape has been described as a penetrated system. What it means and how it is manifested itself at different times?

Plato’s Alcibiades I & II and Thomas Cole’s The Course of Empire give insight into the promise and limits of politics and political activity. Write a 750-1000 word essay which argues what politics is capable of accomplishing (could be good, bad, neither, or both) or what politics cannot accomplish (again, this could be good, bad, neither, or both). 
You should argue political activity (be specific about what type) can or cannnot accomplish X (be specific) because ……..
You will need to contextualize your position and refer to all of the following: 1) the Greater Alcibiades; 2) the Lesser Alcibiades; 3) Thomas Coles The Course of Empire paintings (see link below); 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Course_of_Empire_(paintings)