Category: Political Science

“According to David Graeber, what are “bullshit jobs” and why do they exist in such large
numbers? Illustrate with real world examples.”  this is the prompt you will be working with and these are the instructions “Your response should be based on the relevant readings, and you must use TWO quotations
in your response. Be sure to focus on your own reasoning — why do you believe your answer is a
good one? What evidence backs it up? 500 words is not much to work with, so make every sentence
count.” very simple and the article to use is “On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs: A Work Rant ” By David Graber 

This is a research paper. I have added below a document to explain all of what is supposed 
to go into the paper. The paper is supposed to be 1 1/2 in spacing and 10 pages long and an abstract should be included at the beginning of the paper. 
This class is about arms security and international security. An example of what to write would be whether the US should adopt a no-first-use-of-nuclear weapons policy. Or whether we should try for a new Iran Deal on nuclear weapons, or whether Israel should reveal its nuclear weapons. Or you could write an explanation for some event, like why the US hasn’t adopted such a policy. Any other topics that are related to this is acceptable. Please let me know if there are any other questions.

( POSC 325)  Final Exam Long  Essay
Instructions:  
Seeing the following prompt answer fully based on course readings and lectures/discussions. 
Prompt: 
Since 1948, there have been two major periods of world politics with a decisive influence over the Arab-Israeli conflict: the Cold War and the post-Cold War Unipolar US dominance.
How did the 1979 Egyptian peace agreement with Israel reflect a break from the Cold War paradigm? In particular, what role did the Soviets’ declining power at that point play in the successful conclusion of a peace agreement for Israel and Egypt?
Fast forward to the 1990s and the Oslo Peace Process. What occurred in the years leading up to the 1993 Declaration of Principles, and how did the changed U.S. role in global affairs affect these negotiations?
Reflect as well on the Oslo Il and subsequent efforts to renew the peace process: what role did the US play in this? Be specific here with regards to the Clinton, Bush, Obama and Trump presidencies.
In thinking more generally about the role of the US – has it been, in your view, generally helpful toward arriving at a peace agreement or has it been a hindrance? Explain your answer.
READINGS …  ( MORE  RESOURCES BELOW)
Aly, Feldman and Shikaki, Arabs and Israelis: Conflict and Peacemaking in
the Middle East
Shavit, My Promised Land, chapters 
Khalidi, The Hundred Years War on Palestine, chapters 1-3
WRITER NOTE: I have attached the course’s PowerPoint, notes, and readings. Please use these for this essay.

An essay that explains how the Electoral College works. More importantly, analyze how the Electoral College itself shapes the campaigning strategy and tactics of presidential candidates. 

You are required to base your answers on the readings from the weeks marked 4/11 to 5/9, which in this case just means Plato and Gramsci. You may reference the Mao and Madison readings but, because I left them for so late, you don’t have to. In addition, you must also reference 3 readings from the first ⅔ of the class. You are free to choose which texts you use for which answers, and to reuse texts in multiple answers.
You should consult your copies of the texts when answering these questions, and feel free to use quotes and/or specific page references (any citation format is fine). You may not use external sources of any kind, “AI” writing tools, or confer with each other. Evidence (even circumstantial) of any of these things will result in a failing grade. You may, however, reference current or historical events to make your point.  Unlike last time, there are no exceptions to this policy.
As long as you produce original work that indicates you’ve read all the assigned readings and thought about them for yourself, you will receive a grade between a B and an A+. If you received critical feedback on your last exam, doing what it says there will be very beneficial to you.
There is no minimum word count, but do make sure you answer the question being asked, and try to limit your responses to 250 words or less. Try to be concise and avoid repeating yourself or padding your answer with meaningless extra words. There are no requirements for formatting other than that it be readable. 
Please submit your exam on Blackboard as a .docx file by 5PM on Tuesday, May 21. Those who submit .pdf files will be asked to resubmit; those who submit .pages files will be summarily executed. 
Please answer four of the following six questions. Everyone must answer question 1, as well as at least one additional question from the first 3.  The other two questions you choose are up to you. 
1. How and why does what we define as “political” or “politics” change across different time periods and contexts? Without looking it up, give me a short (personal) definition of the word “politics.” How has your answer changed from your last two exams? Explain.
2. In the Republic, the discussion of “justice in the city” ultimately ends up producing a theory of knowledge. Explain the significance of knowledge to politics for Plato. Is it a source of authority? A universal right? An instrument of rule? 
3. In Book VIII of the Republic, Socrates offers a theory of five possible political regimes, beginning with aristocracy, or rule by the “good,” and ending with tyranny. Democracy is described on page 235 as the “fairest of all regimes,” and yet, in Socrates’ telling, ends up being categorized as the second worst. Why is Plato skeptical of democracy? 
4. Is it possible to have liberal democracy in a society with significant, structural economic inequalities? Explain what you mean by “liberal” and “democracy” and why these concepts are or are not compatible with economic inequality. 
YOU MUST INCLUDE THESE SPECIFIC READINGS :Plato—Republic AND Gramsci, Antonio—Prison Notebooks (Just read “The Formation of the  Intellectuals.” YOU HAVE TO USE 3 OF THE READINGS I AM ABOUT TO PROVIDE YOU ASWELL YOU HAVE A CHOICE TO USE FROM – 
Freud, Sigmund—“Thoughts for the Times on War and Death”
Rodney, Walter—How Europe Underdeveloped Africa (Chapter 1)
Fanon, Frantz—The Wretched of the Earth (1-21, 51-52)
Wretched (97-144)
Curtis, Adam—HyperNormalisation 
Weber, Max—The Vocation Lectures (32-34, 74-94)
Luxemburg, Rosa—“Order Prevails in Berlin”
Schmitt, Carl— Concept of the Political
Hobbes, Thomas—Leviathan (Ch. XIII-XVIII)
Locke, John—Second Treatise on Government
Pateman, Carole—The Disorder of Women
MacKinnon, Catherine—Towards a Feminist Theory of the State (184-194)
FOR THE 4 QUESTIONS MAKE SURE EACH RESPONSE IS LESS THAN 250 WORDS 

( POSC 325)  Final Exam Short Answer Essays
Instructions:  
You’ll have 17 possible choices to choose from and will have to answer only 5 fully.  Your answers should be a paragraph long and answer them based on the course readings and lectures.   Be sure that your answers reflect course readings and lectures.  You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete this section. 
You should have a clear understanding of each of the following terms. These will be integrated into the short-answer questions, so be sure that you not only are accurate but that you consider the term within the context that we studied during the second semester.
Questions  (5) 
Why were the 1993 Oslo accords consider such a breakthrough for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict? What were the most significant components, and what were the Israeli and Palestinian hopes/expectations?
How did Egyptian leader Anwar Sadat differ from his predecessor Gamel Nasser? How did they differ with regards to both world politics, and with regards to their approach to Israel?
After the 1993 Oslo Declaration of principles, a 5 year process was outlined in for Israel to withdraw from the West Bank and Gaza – describe the areas A, B and C in terms of Israeli and Palestinian control.
Why did Rashid Khalidi understand the 1993 Oslo Declaration of Principles, and the subsequent Oslo II agreement? How does his view differ from the initial hopes of Israelis, Palestinians and the US, in 1993?
What was the Israeli narrative regarding their 1979 treaty with Egypt? How did the Arab world react to the treaty?  Palestinian views?
READINGS …  ( MORE BELOW)
Aly, Feldman and Shikaki, Arabs and Israelis: Conflict and Peacemaking in
the Middle East
Shavit, My Promised Land, chapters 
Khalidi, The Hundred Years War on Palestine, chapters 1-3
WRITER NOTE: I have attached PowerPoint, notes, and readings from the course. Please used these for this section.  

You must write a 2000-word essay based on one of the questions below. It must meet the following requirements:
It should fall within 10% of the target length (excluding bibliography), i.e., the text of the essay should be between 1800 and 2200 words in length;
It should be written as one continuous piece (no subheadings);
You must research your essay using academic sources (books and articles) and at least three quarters of the sources on your bibliography should come from the Reading List for this module;
You must develop a critical distance between the sources you read and your essay. If you want to include a short passage in your essay, then quote it properly. But otherwise, you must not follow the sentence or paragraph structure of a source text. Paraphrasing requires you to demonstrate your understanding through your own written account. (Altering the words or order of clauses in a sentence and inserting it in your essay is still plagiarism);
Your in-text citations should follow the Harvard style (surname year: page number) and must include the precise page numbers in the source text for the ideas, arguments or quoted passages which you include in your essay (do not give the page range of a chapter, but the exact page or pages on which the information appears). The markers will check a certain proportion of your citations against the texts cited, to ensure accuracy and academic integrity;
Only cite the texts you have actually used. Do not insert references to texts which you have not read and do not copy citations found in the sources you have read. If you wish to quote a phrase by Jones which you find quoted in a book or article written by Smith, your reference should take the following form: (Jones quoted in Smith 2022: 79);
At this level, you should consult at least 10 academic sources and there should be at least 15 in-text citations in your essay;
While it is acceptable to read Wikipedia entries, student essays on the e-IR website and to explore the use of AI tools like ChatGPT in thinking through how to structure your essay, text from such websites must not be reproduced in your essay, no matter what modifications you may make to that text. Your essay must be written in your own terms and any passages which you copy from academic sources should be identified as quotations through the use of ‘inverted commas’ and accurate citations to the sources (including page numbers).  

Polling is a process and a way that politicians gather data to try to determine how voters will vote on certain issues and on certain politicians. Scientific polls are difficult to obtain. Many criteria must be met to produce scientific results. Representative samples are vital to achieving scientific results. For example, if you pour popcorn into a bowl, you do not need to eat the whole bowl to know if you like popcorn. Representative samples work the same way. However, you cannot have an unrepresentative or small sample of the whole and achieve scientific results. In this assignment, you will discuss the differences between anecdotal evidence and representative samples. You will also discuss how polling attempts to measure public opinion and the historical accuracy of polling within the United States.
Remember to view the assignment rubric (see below) before completing the assignment.
Assignment Instructions
Review the module activities and resources.
Review APA format in Brainfuse.
Review the APA style in the Start Here Section.
Research polling in your state and in the United States.
Answer the prompts using the course resources and credible resources.
Research polling and if it is generally accurate, explain how a representative sample is important to a scientific poll and how anecdotal evidence can cause unscientific poll results.
Discuss how polling works, how public opinion is scientifically measured, and research the historical accuracy of polling within the United States.
This paper should be 300-500 words in essay format.
Cite and reference all resources utilized in the assignment. There should be two or more references.
Check for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and APA formatting.
Submit the assignment by the due date listed in the course schedule.

PROMPT:  Should all media (press) in the United States be nationalized?
The rubric (how your paper will be graded) is to be based on 4 criteria
1      Thesis statement with solid introduction (5 points).
2.     Plagiarism score higher than 25% (5 points) 
3      Organization of thought so that the paper flows logically (20 points).
4    Grammar, spelling, length, use of solid academic research sources and overall meeting requirements of the paper (50 points).
5      Solid conclusion and summary of your major points (20 points).
Each student is required to turn in a short research paper during the semester.  Failure to complete this assignment on time will result in the student not passing the course.  The paper is to be a minimum of 4  double-spaced full pages. Only the content section of the paper will count toward meeting the length requirement. A title page and works cited page is not counted as a page. The paper is to have 1-inch margins and 12-point font. I will accept various formats. 
A separate cover page (which does not count as a typewritten page) is to include the Title of the paper, your Name, Name of class and class section, Name of Instructor and.  A work cited page is required.
********You must utilize at the very minimum 4 separate and distinct academic research sources.  These sources must be shown in the body of the paper and directly shown in the back in the work cited page.  I will accept various formats.  These sources must not include the textbook, encyclopedias, dictionaries, bibles, or interviews.  All major ideas and especially all statistics and quotations must have citations shown immediately after it in the body of the paper and shown in the work cited page. In addition, no large print, empty spaces or incorrect margins will be allowed. It is recommended that you check with the library (online or in person) for the various format sheets available in writing your research paper. You must send the paper as an attachment only
It is my philosophy that if you can’t write it, you don’t know it.  Therefore grammar, style, and spelling will be considered in your final grade.
You must use source citations for all quotes, paraphrases, or borrowed ideas or facts.
If you choose a topic that interests you and that you want to write about, make sure you clear it with me first. 
Do preliminary research to ensure that you have sufficient sources to support your paper.  Legitimate internet sources are acceptable. 
Every well-written paper should have at least three main parts.  You should have an opening statement with a thesis (How to write a good thesis statement (Links to an external site.)) which addresses the question or issue you are researching.  The body of the paper should present the evidence to support your thesis.  If there is contradicting evidence from your sources, you should pay attention to that also.  The paper should end with a well stated conclusion that either supports or refutes your thesis and explains why.
The paper should also discuss the effect or repercussion of the issue you are researching.
Just to repeat:
The following requirements against must be shown in your essay:
1. Minimum 4 full pages (Anything short of this will not be counted. Cover sheet and work cited page does not count into the 4 full page requirement)
2. Double-space and regular fonts. Any attempts to change the setting to meet the length requirements will not be accepted.
3. A mandatory separate cover sheet (title page) and a separate work cited page.
4. A minimum of 4 separate citations shown in the body of the paper which must be shown directly in the work cited page.
You should submit your file as a PDF in order to keep the format the same. Otherwise if you submit a word file, it risks changing your paper format (margins etc….) 

Quickly review the three panels below the attachments. The response should address specifically what you learned from the panel, reflecting briefly on how it relates to material we have covered in the course. While it doesn’t have to be complicated or extensive, looking for you to engage as an active participant in terms of what the panelists had to say. 
Needs at least 750 words.