Category: English

Some of Morris’s Rhetorical Strategies
• Juxtapositions of interviews/scenes.
• Adams’s narrative authority: defining the narrative
and rebutting counter narratives.
• Use of the the color red to cast suspicion and doubt on
those aligned against Adams.
• Use of archival black and white movie footage.
• Use of the soundtrack.
• Absence of voiceover narration and subtitles to guide
viewers.
• Multiple reenactments of the crime scene.
• What else?
Outline is down below. Also the postmodern challenge

Instructions
Documentation systems are used in all academic and scholarly writing. It is through documentation that a writer or researcher shows that they are familiar with the most relevant material about the topic of their writing. It is the way that a writer shows that their discussion is informed, thoughtful, and reliable.
You may already know that different fields use different documentation systems. In fact, there are over 20 documentation systems in use today. But do not despair! The majority of these are very specialized. As a student in an undergraduate program, you will need to be most familiar with only two of these systems. One of them, the Modern Language Association (MLA) documentation style is commonly used in the humanities (literature, art, history, and so on). The other one, the American Psychological Association (APA) style is used in the sciences and social sciences at the undergraduate level.
This unit focuses on MLA documentation because you are writing an analysis of a novel, a paper in the humanities. In the next unit, you will be using APA to document your second essay in the course.
For now, let us focus on MLA.
Like all documentation systems, MLA has two components:
In-text (or parenthetical) citations that appear in the body of your text
A Works Cited page which is the last page of the paper and provides a list of sources with pertinent bibliographic information
In-text citations always refer to a source that is listed in the works cited page.
The following links provide information on how to properly cite in MLA:
1. This helpful video provides information on how to think about and write Works Cited entries:

Understanding MLA Style (8th edition, 2016 updates)
Duration: 11:21
User: n/a – Added: 6/3/16 
2. This short video provides information on parenthetical or in-text citations:

MLA Style: In-Text Citations (8th Ed., 2016)
Duration: 3:27
User: n/a – Added: 1/25/19
3. This video provides information about all aspects of MLA citation:

MLA 8th Edition Online Workshop
Duration: 18:58
User: n/a – Added: 8/18/16
4. Here is a full set of guidelines on how to cite in-text from the Purdue Online Writing Lab or OWL:
MLA In-Text Citations: The BasicsLinks to an external site.
5. Here is a full set of guidelines for creating the works cited page from the Purdue OWL: 
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_in_text_citations_the_basics.html
MLA Works Cited: Electronic Sources (Web Publications)Links to an external site.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_works_cited_electronic_sources.html
MDC ONLINE – ENC1102
Works Cited Page for Literary Analysis on Sula in MLA (Dropbox)
Before you submit your assignment to this drop box, be sure to study and use the information in Module 1, Lesson 3 titled “Using MLA Style.” 
Directions
Submit your Works Cited page for your Literary Analysis Essay on Sula in MLA here. Be sure to submit it as an attachment so that the formatting is retained.
Here are some guidelines to remember:
Your Works Cited page should have a minimum of three entries:
one for the novel
two from articles connected to your discussion (at least one of those articles should come from the MDC databases; both can come from the databases).
Formatting for Works Cited:
Center the words Works Cited one inch from the top of the page.
Double-space within and between entries–no extra spaces between entries.
Every line after the first for each source is indented.
Sources are listed in alphabetical order.
You can use one of the citation builders to create the entry: Easy Bib, Citation Machine, or any other that you find reliable and helpful. Remember that these don’t always provide you with the correct spacing and indentation, and you may have to tweak those in your paper. Also, check that the entry looks like works cited entry should for the type of document you are citing—whether a journal article, an interview, a magazine article, a chapter from a book, etc.
Email your professor with questions. You want to get this right so that no points are lost to formatting errors.
Your Works Cited page will be graded according to the following criteria:
Centered Works Cited heading:     10 points
Alphabetical listing of sources:       10 points
Correct spacing and indentation:    20 points
Correct information for each entry: 30 points
At least 3 sources:                          30 points
the novel at least one database article and another article (from the database or not) 
(Please note that you can list more than 3 sources—three is the minimum and must include each of the above)
IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS PLEASE CHAT WITH ME, I CAN HELP

1. what your zine is about and why you chose to focus on the content that is contained in your zine 
2. what inspired you to design the layout of the zine as it appears (and what were you hoping to achieve through the overall visual & textual presentation) 
3. how themes explored in class (for example, migration, war, representation, identity, et al.) emerged in your zine’s content 
4. what you hope readers will gain from reading your zine 
5. what, if any, valuable lessons you were able to take away from the
experience of creating your own zine
I HAVE ATTACHED MY ZINE PROJECT BELOW, PLEASE USE IT TO WRITE A PAPER

respond to the comments and at least three of the questions posed in the discussion post, adding own thoughts as well.
Justice begins his book with his first-person reasons for writing it, the importance of Indigenous literatures for all people, and the reasons he shares some texts and not others. He shares how colonialism is not over, and that literature is one of the only ways to keep the stories alive. The removal of their people is not the only way settlers maintain(ed) power; it continues by eliminating Native people’s stories in all forms. Like author LeAnne Howe, Justice understands the importance of “response” in lieu of “reaction” (xix) because to react consists of a defensive posture while response allows for conversation. He also mentions the malleability of the conversation and that as people learn what is best, needs may change, and that there is no art without politics, so for art to survive and accomplish anything, it must send a message. This book will include some concepts that are politicly charged, while others are lighter as they send their message, and although there is literature about Indigenous people, much of it is toxic and written by White settlers. This illustrates the continuance of colonial violence and how it did not cease with removal but continues in other ways including negative storytelling. This type of literature does, in fact, affect Native people, and because of the adverse stories, “it’s hard to find room for the more nourishing stories of significance” (4). This type of treatment makes it difficult for them to survive, never mind thrive. Justice reminds readers that since 1492, Indigenous people in the US have survived and continue to do so after an apocalyptic removal, unjust treatment, racism, micro aggressions and more. Although there was horrible violence suffered at the hands of colonial settlers, not only have Indigenous people remained, but so have many of their artifacts, including stories of written and oral tradition.
Although the White settlers failed to complete the removal of Native people and all evidence of them, it remains important that their stories survive, and to do so, certain words must be understood. Justice begins this conversation with “Indigenous” and how the “I” must be capitalized when speaking of the people to avoid categorizing the humans with the artifacts and other “exploitable commodit[ies]” (6). Some current, conservative news organizations continue to refuse to employ the capital “I” which would serve as their admission that there was and is maltreatment of Native people. This lessens the history of suffering caused by White (conservative) people which takes the blame off them as it solidifies their land ownership and rights. Justice makes it clear that capital letters are not the only discussion to be had concerning the term “Indigenous” as it blankets many people from many lands, but that people must be aware that some claims of Native kinship are simply false ones to obtain land or even attention, and he reminds readers that this, too, is another “ongoing conversation” (9) that may change as the generations move on from colonial settlement.
Another word he addresses is “settler” and the complications that term holds. He explains that “colonialism” is when people claim the land and resources yet go back to their home country to live. A “settler” never leaves as he continues to take from the Native people in a violent, ongoing, centuries-long process that continues today. Settlers rest on a spectrum as some are/were gentle and passive, while others were aggressive and murderous; he acknowledges there was love, kinship, and other types of relationships between settlers and Native people. Not all new people in the US are colonial agents (12) and he, too, has ties to colonial settlers. This opens the discussion and refers back to Justice’s tactic to respond and not react to keep the dialogue open. He shares other talking points connected to colonialism like some of his own encounters with prejudice, and how Native people were not perfect as they enslaved people and treated them poorly at times. He explains how this continues today in “our scholarship, our fiction, our politics, our families, and our lives” (15). This fact and omission, too, keeps the conversation going with its transparency and reality.
To keep the discussion moving, literature must be preserved, but the term must also be defined concerning Indigenous people. Most consider literature as proper, “great” writing by socially, academically, and worthy (White) people. It has been used as a tool for centuries to manipulate and keep marginalized people behind the starting line. “Indigenous literature” is not only words on paper, but oral traditions and even artifacts which may be considered too political for people to consume (17). It is not recognized as traditional literature by many scholars due to its lack of White, conservative writing. Justice talks about how the art of the writing is what maintains the knowledge of Native culture and although negative stereotypes and uncomfortable stories are shared, they are important. They matter. For the sake of this book, the pieces are written in English, but he does mention other texts like “cane baskets, wampum belts, birchbark scrolls, gourd masks, sand paintings” and more (22), and the fact that the stories do not always follow traditional writings causes them to become lost or not consumed at all which threatens to leave certain questions unanswered.
Justice talks about the four questions that guide this book: “How do we learn to be human?; How do we behave as good relatives?; How do we become good ancestors?; and How do we learn to live together?” (28). He explains that the questions are open and different for each person. To end his introduction, he speaks about why he chooses specific texts, many which are underrepresented, in his quest to answer these questions.
The first chapter, “How Do We Learn to be Human?,” Justice shares that being a human has very little to do with biology, but more about stories and learning. These tales are not only ones we tell or write, but also “the stories told about us, and the stories we inherit” (34). They do not die with one’s death, either, but link them to the present and future. It is in these stories that all people’s individuality is defined, and it must be preserved to avoid being tainted. In Indigenous communities, this is sometimes all they have: their link to humanity. Euro-western literature has had a history of creating stories about marginalized people that are untrue, detrimental to their psyche and existence, all in the name of maintaining power over others. White writers often avoid complexity because it compromises their quest for power (37). Being human does not only link Indigenous people to other races and types of people, but also to animals; this open multiplicity is an important mindset to have to completely understand humanity and a person’s sense of belonging. Humans’ desire to kill and complacency toward Earth and nature is not shared by another species which is something else people need to face to better understand themselves, and this admission, too, links to Justice’s desire for transparency, no matter how shameful it is.
Being human can be defined more deeply, too, when one considers their culture and the people they belong to. Indigenous people have struggled to belong for generations, and because communities are split up now, distance causes one to feel more lost and unsure about who they belong to. To explain this better, he talks about Waterly by Ella Cara Deloria, and how she defines kinship, the importance of belonging, and the sensitivity of the connections of the past. Native people desire a connection to their people because of settler colonialism, and the fact remains that the effects of it are “woven into all aspects of [their] experience. . .” (48). He goes on to share other texts he chooses for this book and their connection to loss, stereotypes, and inherited identity and Native peoples’ connection to their tribes. This sense of belonging was and is particularly intimidating to settlers and another component for them to attack. Indigenous people are humans with carnal desires for sexual relationships and love, and traits like other homo sapiens, but because they are deeply marginalized, their wants are overshadowed, but love is what ultimately connects them to each other and their past.
In the second chapter, “How Do We Behave as Good Relatives?,” Justice continues to use passages from texts to show why Indigenous literatures are important to Native people and the responsibilities of humans at macro and micro levels. Relationships are not tangible, but links to others in people’s minds (74). He makes sure to mention that although they are imagined, they remain important and very real, and they must be preserved alongside other cultural values and traditions. Many of the words included in this book speak of kinship while they juxtapose the White narrative penned by settlers for the sake of exploitation. Again, these are not stories to entertain, but they “call [them] to action, to purpose, to change” (84). There is bravery in this type of writing because it is usually coupled with backlash and ostracization. Instead of fighting, or “reacting,” working together must be the way. Justice says, “If we have many relations to whom we owe more than superficial respect. . . then monolithic settler colonial authority is difficult. . . to maintain” (90). This is not a passive action, but a very active one which invites conversation instead of argument. Of course, being part of something like a community or family is not always easy, but those links are vital in the quest for change. He speaks more about Indigenous people’s relationship with animals, and some people’s justification for actions like hunting, and how there is now an imbalance between non-humans and humans. He shares texts that show how morality has always been a topic of debate concerning relationships with animals, and how because Indigenous people’s culture dictates respect for wildlife, some White people categorize Native people with animals concerning their intelligence and ways of life. Most importantly, however, Justice wants to illuminate the good, the loving relationships, and the happy stories alongside the ones of suffering that need to be told. To love Indigenous people, readers must know and understand them in all aspects of their lives, and not only through the lens of colonialism.
Questions:
What are your thoughts on conservative news entities refusing to capitalize the “I” in Indigenous? What is their goal or potential gain? Is this a violence, offensive action, or a passive political statement? Explain.
Elaborate on the difference between the words “response” and “reaction” concerning Indigenous literatures. Why does Justice believe this approach is positive? Do you think it is too passive?
Talk about some of the difficulties that complement being a “good relative?” Why is it not as easy as it sounds? Do Indigenous people lose their connections when they move away? Are they sustainable?
What are some reasons Indigenous literatures are not shared? Do you consider it true literature? Justice talks about birchbark scrolls, sand paintings, gourd masks, and more. Speak about how some other types of text work in telling their story.

If you have ever attended a formal debate you know that both sides of a “resolution” are presented, giving everyone an intellectual workout. Here’s yours.
Prompt: That Jane Austen’s novels are still relevant and speak to us after 200 years.
In the first part of the essay you should attack this claim; in the second part defend it. You will be expected to back up each position with quotations and examples from Austen’s works. High school students must cite at least one novel; undergraduate and graduate students will be expected to cite at least two. Citing Austen’s unfinished works is also permitted.
The title of the essay should appear at the top of page one; further pages should be numbered on the top right; the student’s name must not appear on the essay.
The essay must be in MLA format (double-spaced and in 12-point type throughout, with one-inch margins on all sides of each page).
The essay must be 6-8 pages in length, not including the Works Cited page.
The essay must use MLA documentation, including a Works Cited page and parenthetical citations in the body of the text.  Use end notes only for substantive notes.  Source material that is directly quoted, paraphrased, or summarized must be cited. Quotations from the Jane Austen work under discussion should be cited as well.

As you learned in this unit, a Rogerian argument is one that presents two sides of a debate and argues for a solution that will satisfy both sides. Given the two articles linked below that present opposing sides of an issue (mandatory uniforms in schools vs. some kind of ‘dress code’), construct your own 2-3 page Rogerian argument essay in which you attempt to arrive at a concrete, workable solution or “middle ground.”
1. An introduction that accurately presents both sources (i.e., author, title, year of publication, and their relative position in the debate), as well as your middle ground thesis statement.
❒ 2. A body paragraph that summarizes the pro-uniform rationales. (Both articles can be used, but focus on Anderson).
❒ 3. A body paragraph that summarizes the anti-uniform/pro-dress code rationales. (Both articles can be used, but focus on Deane).
❒ 4. A body paragraph that critically compares and contrasts both sides of the debate.
❒ 5. A conclusion that further develops your proposed middle-ground solution and demonstrates how it satisfies both sides of the debate.
******ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AS WELL*******
How does the Rogerian model of argument help you better understand the topic that’s being discussed? Why is it a good practice to acknowledge both sides of the argument? (3-4 sentences)
How might the Rogerian approach help you gain insight into your own argumentative essay? (2-3 sentences)

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY 2
Table of Contents
The Prompts
Sources for the Essay
Paper Requirements
Evidence Organizer
“Mamma Outline”
“Color Coordinated Dynamic Mamma Outline”
The Prompts
A. Using social media has become a way of life. We can now easily connect with old friends, keep in touch with people across the
world, and even form relationships with people we may never meet face-to-face. Is the increasing use of social media leading to more
enhanced, meaningful connections than ever before, or is it detrimental to people’s relationships with one another? Can real
relationships begin on social media? Consider these questions as you write an essay on your position regarding whether the use of
social media is beneficial or harmful for creating and maintaining relationships.
B. The generation born between 1984-2004 are known as ‘Millennials.’ This group, which has grown to over 80 million people in just
the United States, is the subject of much controversy. While some view the Millennial generation as innovative and hardworking,
others describe them as lazy and self-involved. Which side of this debate are you on and why? Are Millennials’ contributions and
perceptions of work, relationships, and society changing the world for better or for worse? Consider these questions as you write an
essay on your position regarding whether or not the Millennial generation is the next great generation.
Sources for the Essay
At least four sources are required to appear in your works cited page, two of which must come
from this list. The other two peer reviewed articles you will get from the library portal. These
sources should have already been viewed and read.
1) Is Technology Taking Over
technology is taking over.pdf
2) Is Google Making Us Stupid
Is Google Making Us Stupid copy 3(1).pdf
3) Parent Trap
the parent trap how teens lost their ability to socialize copy.pdf
4) Internet Addiction
Internet Addiction .pdf
5) Texting Is Killing Language
texting is killing language transcript .pdf
Paper Requirements
The paper must be a minimum of three pages in length excluding the works cited page.
MLA is required along with 12 point roman times numeral font.
When uploading the document, it must be in pdf. Do not type in the backboard.
Only one counterargument and its rebuttal will be required even though the outlines show three. This is
due to the time constraints.
The argumentative thesis/claim should follow the pattern elaborated upon in the thesis generator tutorial on Blackboard. Be
certain to have three reasons built into the claim adhering to parallel structure. No need to color font.
You must underline the thesis, the topic sentence of your counterargument and the transitional
sentence of the rebuttal.
Evidence Organizer
This section is not required. However, it is useful to organize your evidence.
As you begin pulling together your thoughts based on your thesis generated statement, use the following
evidence organizer to begin your research with the two required sources mentioned above.
Note that this does not have to be submitted, for it is simply to help you organize your research and have
it ready for execution.
Paraphrases, quotes, and summaries from your sources can be placed here to organize your research.

You are staying with your uncle in a faraway city where you attend school. Write a letter to your parents complaining about the unbearable problems you are facing in your uncle’s house and requesting that they come for you. The Letter should have not less than 500 words, be arranged in 5 paragraphs, and be written in Simple English like a senior High school pupil.

Write a summary and discussion of Josephine K. Henry’s essay, “The New Woman of the New South,”   which was originally published in 1895. Your summary should answer the questions listed below. You may answer each question individually. You do not need to rewrite the question. (You can click the title link to download the source or use the e-reader below.)
(Note: If you respond to each question individually, be sure to write complete paragraphs. Keep in mind that while the forums are meant to help you create the writing you will use in your research paper, that you cannot just copy/paste your forum, but you will need to be sure to shape your writing to fit the format of a college essay supporting a clearly defined thesis, with transition and topic sentences and a concluding paragraph.)
How does Josephine K. Henry start her essay? When Henry says, “the idea seems to be abroad that Southern women do not desire the ballot,” what does she mean? What facts will she provide to prove this assumption is false?
What is Josephine K. Henry’s thesis? Who are the “new women of the new South” that Henry means and how will they change southern society? How do these “new women of the new South” differ from other women in the South?
Explain some of the claims that Josephine K. Henry makes in her essay to support her thesis. What specific injustices against women does Henry document?
What is Josephine K. Henry’s concluding message? Why does Henry end her essay by listing successful women? What does the evidence of women signing petitions to change laws in the South prove? 
How might Henry’s essay on “The New Woman of the New South,” published in 1895, help interpret the meaning and historical importance of Kate Chopin’s “The Story of an Hour,” which was published less than a year earlier in 1894? Support your interpretation by connecting specific ideas and facts from Henry’s essay to details from “The Story of an Hour.” (Note: There is no evidence to suggest Henry knew Chopin or vice versa, so be careful not to confuse the two authors and sources. As a historical source, Henry’s essay helps show the conditions in the South for southern married women like the fictional Louise Mallard in “The Story of an Hour.”)
Important guidelines:
Before you start to summarize the source and discuss it, you need to clearly name the source by full title and full name of the author and write a topic sentence that organizes your summary. Example: In her essay on “The New Woman of the New South,’” Josephine K. Henry provides facts to prove how active southern women are politically to show how they are changing southern society to respect the rights of women. (Do not just copy or plagiarize my example. Use it as a guide to help you to write your own topic sentence. Note: book titles are italicized and chapter titles are put in quotation marks. If a quote appears inside a quote, then use single quotation marks inside the double quotation marks: “Hemingway’s ‘Last Good Country.’” Ending punctuation goes inside the closing quotation marks.)
Write complete sentences and paragraphs. Do NOT just list terms or write fragmented notes. Keep in mind that this is an advanced college English class, so use proper grammar, spelling, capitalization, and punctuation. For help with grammar, see:  https://www.grammarly.com/blog/category/handbook/
Remember to properly refer to the author by last name when referencing the source. When first mentioned, write the full name of an author; thereafter, write the last name. Use phrases like, “According to Henry” and “Henry describes.”  See: https://tinyurl.com/y69ps8tr
Provide proper in-text parenthetical citations per MLA guidelines for all quoted and paraphrased information from the textbook (Do NOT plagiarize.) See MLA in-text guidelines: https://tinyurl.com/y673xs3c  
The source begins with a brief biography about Josephine K. Henry written by feminist historian, Martha H. Patterson. Make sure you credit Patterson for her biography of Henry and do not confuse the two authors. To properly credit this information, you need to explain that feminist scholar Martha H. Patterson, in her book, American New Woman Revisited: A Reader, 1894-1930, provides background on Josephine K. Henry. 
Do not be too general or short. Be sure to support your answers with evidence and details from the source. Pretend you are explaining the source to someone who has not read it to be sure you include enough details so that someone who has not read the source understands what you are talking about. Write objectively and analytically. See tips for writing about literature: https://tinyurl.com/uschs47b 
Be sure to summarize and explain the source in your own words and be careful not to rely too heavily on quoting the source. See tips for knowing when to quote: https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/using-sources/quotations/
Be sure to include the Works Cited citations at the end to properly credit the sources you used. List sources alphabetically. See: https://tinyurl.com/2ucvv3sf
Work Cited
Henry, Josephine K. “The New Woman of the New South.” Patterson, Martha H., ed. American New Woman Revisited: A Reader, 1894-1930. New Brunswick, NJ, USA: Rutgers University Press, 2008. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 12 January 2015. 
Warning: Do NOT use any outside sources (no Internet sources and no use of computer software to write your assignment, and no help from previous or other students), which will be considered cheating. You are being tested on YOUR OWN understanding of the assigned source and if you truly and honestly read it on YOUR OWN. If you are suspected of plagiarizing from an outside source, having someone else help you write the answers, or if you use the Internet to search for the answers (which can lead to wrong information), you will be given a failing grade for the assignment and possibly for the course. (Automatic zero for dishonest work.)

The benefits of exercise is that we burn calories when you exercise.Further,it helps in   develpoing  your muscles .Thus, the rate of your body will increase which helps to burn calories.                                                                                                      However,it also helps in improving the oxygen level and blood flow of the body .