Category: English

Major Argument #5: Causal Argument (Research
Paper)
This is essentially an argumentative essay, but it should be framed as Arguing for the causes leading to problems” so that the focus is not on DEVELOPING a solution, but on ARGUING FOR causes from the set of problems that have been proposed. See the structure of the essay on Canvas for more detailed guidelines.
This essay integrates the rhetorical, research, formatting, and linguistic skills that you have been developing throughout the semester. Do not change your topic after you have completed the Topic Proposal. The purpose of this sequencing assignment is to give you practice in working closely with sources, with your topic, with your classmates, and with the text you are writing.
Assessment Criteria
Your essay will also be evaluated in these areas:
1. Supporting your position (Research your topic in order to find high quality evidence to support your position)
2. Developing significance (In paragraphs and overall;
Develop your ideas clearly and significantly as you move beyond summary, generalization, and broad statements; incorporate meaningful evidence to support your ideas;
3. deal with counter arguments effectively)
4. Doing basic library research (Minimum 5 references; research appropriate sources for an academic essay; summary, paraphrase, and quotations used effectively- with proper templates-and documented with APA/ MLA; at least one academic journal article should be cited)
5. Grammar/ mechanics (Use proper grammatical and mechanical conventions)
6. All the detailed guidelines, rubric, and sample essays are seen on Canvas. 
Major Assignment #5
ESL 15 Rhetoric and Composition
Structure of Causal Argument Essay
I. Introduction
● What is it (a brief definition of the topic chosen)?
● Has it led to many problems for years? What are they and why? (Be brief)
● Why is it important to examine the possible causes of the topic?
● Thesis- Formulate your claim including two causes of the problems.
II. Body Paragraph 1 (no more than one paragraph)
● Summarizes the negative consequences, effects, or results of the issue (Citing sources)
III. Body Paragraph 2
● Begins with a transition and the topic sentence that argues for the first possible cause that leads to problems.
● Provides supporting detail- the evidence and/or data that have been proved scientifically (For this, the reliable evidence from a journal article is encouraged)
● Elaborates your argument by explaining how the evidence makes your topical claim solid and strong.
IV. Body Paragraph 3 (Continue to discuss the first cause with the second supporting detail)
● Begins with a transition and a brief summary of the second source that you will cite in this paragraph.
● Provides supporting detail- the evidence and/or data coming from another source, could it be a journal article or newspaper article.
● Explains the evidence in relation to your argument.
● Ends with the summary of the first topic sentence
(Note: A famous figure’s quote may be cited, but it cannot be counted as evidence. Also, avoid a long direct quote using direct quotation marks, which increases the similarity rate in Turnititn.com). V. Body Paragraph 4 (Discuss the second cause with one source)
● Follows the way Body Paragraph 2 is organized
VI. Body Paragraph 5 (Discuss the second cause with a different source)
● Follows the way Body Paragraph 3 is organized VII. Body Paragraph 6 (No more than one paragraph)
● Provides how those problems should be solved
● Gives out general solutions while citing sources
VIII. Conclusion
● Summary your points – Returns to ideas in the thesis including problems/causes/solutions
● Any further thoughts that you did not mention in your paper earlier?
,  
EXPLORE TWO SPECIFIC ROOT CAUSES OF WOMAN DISCRIMINATION

I have attached the sources that need to be cited and a paper I completed recently 
Overview: Write an essay that takes a specific, nuanced position responding to the class’s closed research theme question and that uses arguments to convince readers of that position, using evidence found in the closed research theme readings and independent library research.
Objective: To develop your own distinct position in response to the class’s closed research theme question; to write an essay in which you present a thesis, frame your position in contrast to others’ views, and use argumentation and other rhetorical strategies to support your thesis.
Medium: An academic essay, between  600-700 words for the Half Draft; minimum 1250 words for the Final Draft; both drafts double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman or similar font; formatted and cited according to either APA or MLA style, as specified by your instructor.
For this project, you will respond to your class’s closed research theme question, offering arguments in favor of your view that are supported by evidence from the closed research theme reading, background readings, and the independent library research you conduct.
To begin this project, develop a thesis statement that responds to the class’s closed research theme question (found in Modules), using the slideshow The Researched Argument Essay: Be an Attorney, in Module 7, as a guide. Then, shape a set of claims in support of your thesis and outline your arguments, using the slideshow Building Your Arguments, in Module 7, as a guide.
Elements of a Researched Argument Essay
ARGUMENTATIVE THESIS STATEMENT
Your essay should include a thesis statement in which you respond, in about 1-3 sentences, to the closed research theme question from your own perspective (your “I Say”), Your thesis statement may also frame your “I Say” as a response to one or more “They Say” you discovered in the closed research theme readings.  To write your thesis statement, you may take inspiration from a combination of templates in “They Say / I Say”. See the slideshow The Researched Argument Essay: Be an Attorney (in Module 7) for a guide on writing your thesis statement.
AN INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH
Your essay should include a full introductory paragraph. In this paragraph, you need to include your thesis statement (your “I Say”), but you also need to frame your thesis as a response to the conservation about the closed research theme in which you are participating (the relevant “They Say” from closed research theme readings), while also communicating why your thesis and your argument matter (see Chapter 7 of “They Say / I Say”). 
ARGUMENTS
The body of your essay should contain several arguments in support of your thesis.
In general, each argument should…
Offer a claim in support of your thesis, possibly starting with one or more templates in Chapters 4-7 in “They Say / I Say”. 
Provide evidence that proves, demonstrates, or supports the claims.
Contain reasoning about the evidence to explain how it proves or supports the claim.
Connect ideas and sentences together using transitions and repetition (Chapter 8 of “They Say / I Say”), clarify your ideas and others’ through translation strategies and mixing writing styles (Chapter 9), and/or use metacommentary to elaborate on what you mean (Chapter 10).
See the slideshow Building Your Arguments, in Module 7, for a guide on creating your claims and constructing your arguments.
ARRANGEMENT
Your essay should be organized so that each argument builds on the previous one. As well, it should use transitional words and phrases to suggest the connection of each paragraph to the thesis and/or to other paragraphs (see The Little Seagull Handbook, Chapter W-4). It is recommended that you develop an outline of your arguments prior to writing a draft of the researched argument essay in order to plan your arguments, figure out an effective arrangement, select persuasive evidence from your sources, and help avoid overlooking or forgetting crucial details as you write your draft. See the slideshow Building Your Arguments, in Module 7, for an example of how to outline your arguments.
CITATION AND DOCUMENTATION
Your drafts need to be formatted and documented based on either MLA or APA style, as specified by your instructor. You need to cite in-text “They Say” summaries and quotations from the closed research theme readings, background readings, and independent library research that you use. And you need to provide a list of sources, based on your citation style, listing all sources you cite in-text.
Assignment Summary
Half Draft (due in Module 7)
Clearly developed thesis statement that takes a position in response to the class’s closed research theme question
An introductory paragraph that presents the thesis statement and frames the thesis within the context of a “conversation” related to the class’s closed research theme
Arguments in support of the thesis that include evidence from closed research theme readings, background readings, and/or independent library research, and effective reasoning that explains how the evidence proves the argument, clarifies ideas and perspectives, and/or elaborates on what the writer means (For this half draft, include as many of your arguments you can develop within the word count restrictions.) 
Effective use of transitional words and phrases to show the relationships of ideas between and within paragraphs
In-text citations of “They Say” summaries and quotations of the closed research theme readings, background readings, and/or independent library research
Use of at least 3 sources, at least 1 of which comes from the 4 approved databases (Opposing Viewpoints, Points of View Reference Center, Research Library ProQuest, and/or Academic Search Complete) found in the Ivy Tech Library databases. The other 2 should be closed research theme readings or background readings from our class. 
APA or MLA style formatting, as specified by your instructor, with a References (APA) or Works Cited (MLA) page
Observation of the conventions of Standard Written English
600-700 words (no more, no less) for the half draft (Works Cited or References list does not count in the minimum word-count requirement)
See the assessment rubric in the assignment page “M07 Writing Project 3 Argument: Half Draft” for an understanding of how the half draft will be graded
Final Draft (due in Module 8)
Clearly developed thesis statement that takes a position in response to the class’s closed research theme question
An introductory paragraph that presents the thesis statement, frames the thesis within the context of a “conversation” related to the class’s closed research theme, and attempts to engage readers, making a case for the importance of the issue or problem being addressed
Arguments in support of the thesis that include evidence from closed research theme readings, background readings, and/or independent library research, and effective reasoning that explains how the evidence proves the argument, clarifies ideas and perspectives, and/or elaborates on what the writer means
A logical organizational structure and effective use of transitional words and phrases to show the relationships of ideas between and within paragraphs
In-text citations of “They Say” summaries and quotations of the closed research theme readings, background readings, and/or independent library research
Use of at least 4 sources, at least 1 of which comes from the 4 approved databases (Opposing Viewpoints, Points of View Reference Center, Research Library ProQuest, and/or Academic Search Complete) found in the Ivy Tech Library databases. The other 3 should be closed research theme readings or background readings from our class. Additional readings beyond these 4 may be from any source.
APA or MLA style formatting, as specified by your instructor, with a References (APA) or Works Cited (MLA) page
Observation of the conventions of Standard Written English
Minimum 1250 words for the final draft (Works Cited or References list does not count in the minimum word-count requirement)
See the assessment rubric in the assignment page “M08 Writing Project 3 Argument: Final Draft” for an understanding of how the final draft will be graded

Discus Culture Conflict in Chinua Achebe’s   Things Fall Apart.
Make very close reference to the plays/novel and use, at least, three other sources/articles in your paper. Document your sources at the end of the paper in a “Works Cited” page. Use the MLA Documentation Style. The research paper will be 7 – 9 pages long. Due date is May 6, 2024.
Research Paper Guidelines (unless other written directions are given):
Type work in Times New Roman 12 point font, double-spaced, save as a Word file and follow all MLA formatting and documentation.
The paper will be 7-9 pages long
In the upper left hand corner of the 1st page on separate singled-spaced lines, please provide the following information in the order listed: your name, course subject and title, and date
All writing assignments must have a creative title enclosed in quotation marks.

Preparation for This I Believe Statement Prompt
You will be writing a This I Believe Statement based on the following prompt.
Beginning in 1951, radio pioneer Edward R. Murrow asked Americans from all walks of life to write essays about their most fundamental and closely held beliefs. Today, This I Believe is an international organization engaging people in writing and sharing essays that describe the core values that guide their daily lives. Write a This I Believe statement based on the following guidelines:
Tell a story: Be specific. Take your belief out of the ether and ground it in the events of your life. Consider moments when your belief was formed, tested, or changed. Think of your own experience, work, and family, and tell of the things you know that no one else does. Your story need not be heart-warming or gut-wrenching—it can even be funny—but it should be real. Make sure your story ties to the essence of your daily life philosophy and the shaping of your beliefs.
Be concise: Your statement should be between 350 and 500 words. That’s about two to three minutes when read aloud at your natural pace.
Name your belief: If you can’t name it in a sentence or two, your essay might not be about belief. Also, rather than writing a list, consider focusing on one core belief, because three minutes is a very short time.
Be positive: Please avoid preaching or editorializing. Tell us what you do believe, not what you don’t believe. Avoid speaking in the editorial “we.” Make your essay about you; speak in the first person.
Be personal: Write in words and phrases that are comfortable for you to speak. We recommend you read your essay aloud to yourself several times, and each time edit it and simplify it until you find the words, tone, and story that truly echo your belief and the way you speak.
Complete the outline to prepare for the summative assessment.
This I Believe.org
This I Believe – Youth Voices
Rubric
Plan and Organize
This is meant as a rough outline to aid in your thinking and help you organize your ideas. Use bullets, numbers, notes to yourself, colors, images – whatever helps you get your ideas out of your head and into the page. 
Introduction: 
Context/background/
This is where you introduce yourself to your reader – not literally but by establishing your style, voice, and tone.  These three elements, along with your story give your reader a clear picture of who you are. 
Story idea: Your significant moment/event when this belief was formed, reaffirmed, or challenged/tested (brief):
Your Statement of Belief. (Thesis)
Body:
Supporting paragraphs: Your Three reasons, advantages, or benefits for living by this belief.
Use concrete details in each of your supporting paragraphs for the anecdote to come alive to your reader. Concrete details are sensory-based details. Use crisp, descriptive specific sensory language. 
Use elements of figurative language to create a clear picture of this abstract idea.
. Avoid being vague. Vagueness is a story killer. 
Label each detail as:   setting detail, character detail, plot detail, dialogue, imagery, or Figurative Language (be sure to label what element of figurative language you’re using.)  
1st Supporting point (topic sentence one)
2nd Supporting point (topic sentence two)
3rd Supporting point (topic sentence three)
Conclusion:
A concluding paragraph should be a bookend to your introduction.  Remind your readers of your belief and leave them with some positive words of wisdom, a challenge, or connect your belief to the bigger picture of human experience.
Wrap up your story
PLEASE DO THE PLANNER AS WELL

Please submit your rough draft electronically to your teacher. At the top of your rough draft, include any questions you might have for your teacher. If questions or comments are not at the top of the page your teacher will assume you do not have any. Feel free to highlight and include digital comments, but make sure to notify your teacher at the top of the page so he/she can give you specific feedback.
Task: Write a narrative essay about a time when you failed. Purpose: The purpose is to entertain and teach a lesson through theme. Audience: Your audience will be your online classmates and teacher. You will be writing a 5 paragraph narrative essay. See the rubric on the next page. Remember that in this essay you are required to include dialogue
Please review the rubric and your task, purpose and audience.
Task: Write a narrative essay about a time when you failed.
Purpose: The purpose is to entertain and teach a lesson through theme.
Audience: Your audience will be your online classmates and teacher.
CategoryDoes Not Meet Yet (0-59)Emerging Expectations (60-75)Meets Expectations
(76-89)Exceeds Expectations
(90-100)
5 paragraphs (20%)Less than 3 paragraphs are submitted.3-4 paragraphs are included.5 paragraphs are included with introduction, body, and conclusion.5 paragraphs are obvious and engaging. A clear introduction, 3 body paragraphs and a conclusion are present.
Narrative – Exposition/Introduction (20%)It is difficult to identify the thesis or the hook. Exposition is missing an interesting hook and thesis is somewhat clear. Thesis could better address the prompt or is loosely related to the prompt given. The topic may be too broad for a narrative essay.Exposition is missing an interesting hook, but thesis is clear and reflects the prompt given.The topic is narrow enough for a narrative essay.Exposition begins with an engaging hook, and thesis reflects the prompt given.The topic is unique, engaging, and narrow enough for a narrative essay.
Rising action/2 Body paragraphs (20%)Rising action is hard to identify and no dialogue is included.One to two paragraphs explain raising action. Topic sentences are somewhat unclear. Limited dialogue is included and there may be errors in punctuation.Two paragraphs explain rising action. Topic sentences are clear. Writing may seem formulaic, rather than story-like.
Dialogue is included, but there may be errors in punctuation.Two paragraphs describe in detail rising action. Writing is interesting and topic sentences are clear.Dialogue is included, engaging and punctuated correctly.
Climax/3rd body paragraph (15%)Climax is hard to identify.The climax of the story is described with limited detail and clarity.One paragraph describes in detail the climax of the story.One paragraph describes in detail the climax of the story. Writing is exciting and interesting.
Conclusion/Resolution (15%)There is no concluding paragraph OR the paragraph offers no resolution to the conflict in the narrative.The concluding paragraph offers a lesson or theme that doesn’t conclude the narrative and/or is not related to the thesis.The resolutions offers a lesson or theme that might feel forced or very obvious.The resolution offers a reflective lesson or theme that is engaging and unique.
Sensory Language (5%)Word choice used is dull or inappropriate.The author makes an attempt to use language that appeals to the senses. Some descriptions may feel forced or overly wordy.The author uses sensory language that appeals to all 5 senses.
Some descriptions may feel forced or very obvious.The author uses precise words and phrases, telling details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, and/or characters in a controlled and intentional manner.
Conventions (5%)Many spelling and grammatical errors make reading the essay a challenge3-5 conventional errors distract the reader.1-2 conventional errors distract the reader.There are no conventional errors that distract the reader from content.

I started on the essay but i need the introduction, rebuttal and conclusion done. The essay is about a Problem and Research. I was doing it about how healthcare in warzones are highly affected for examples using the war that is going on in Gaza and Isreal. I have sources you can use and choose quotes from. 

Word Count
Annotated Bibliography: 1,600 words
Assignment Reflection: ~300 words
Total word count: 1,900 words
Context
The pre-professional student organization of which you are a member has recently tasked its members to prepare white papers investigating the role of specific skills within the profession. You have been asked to write a white paper investigating the status of writing in this field (which you will complete in Assignment #2). To complete your white paper, you will collect primary and secondary data on the writing and communication practices of your pre-professional field. In Assignment #1, you will begin the research process by locating 6 secondary sources on your research topic, and then writing an annotated bibliography about those sources.
Task
Pick a Specific Research Topic: Choose a field or profession about which you would like to learn more about, and then research the way in which this field uses writing.
Find Four (peer-reviewed) Scholarly Research Articles about Writing (or Communication) in this Field: I recommend that you begin by finding at least 6-7 articles, so that you may narrow down to the four you want to use by quality and not availability. Most of the articles should be current, meaning they are no more than 10 years old. If you’re not able to find enough sources, that usually means you need to broaden your search terms.
Find Two Popular Sources: In addition to the 4 scholarly articles, you will also need to find at least 2 popular sources, like credible newspapers, magazine, or website sources, that discuss the writing practices in this field. Textbooks or instructional websites about writing in a specific profession (e.g., legal writing) can be a great resource here.
Use Resources to Locate and Utilize Sources: In order to complete these tasks we’ll be reading about how to locate and utilized secondary sources (i.e., Booth et al. (2016) Chapters 5 and 6Links to an external site.). We are also fortunate to have a librarian come to our class to explain how to conduct searches at the UCD Library.
Write the Annotated Bibliography:
What is an Annotated Bibliography? An annotated bibliography contains a citation, summary, and critical analysis about each of your 6 sources.
Why do people write them? Writing an annotated bibliography helps you keep track of, read, understand, and think about the information presented in complex secondary sources.
How do I write one? For each of the 6 secondary sources you’ve chosen, you will provide:
An accurate APA citation of the source
A 250-word annotation that includes each of the following:
Evaluation of Credibility
Briefly evaluate the credibility of your source in no more than one sentence. Briefly research elements of the source (authors, publication, format, or purpose) to determine whether it is peer-reviewed and scholarly or a credible popular source (refer to Booth et al. (2016) to learn more about evaluating credible sources).
Summary of Source
Provide a fair and objective summary of each source in your own words. Unfortunately, this is where most occurrences of plagiarism take place in UWP courses. Be sure to accurately explain the most important parts of the source (e.g., What was the methodology of the study? What were the results? Why are the results significant?).
Evaluate and critique the source.
Critique your source with a focus on the context of Assignment #2. Why is the source significant to your research or your white paper? How does it discuss or explain how writing is used in this profession? How might the study contribute to a trend in the research on this topic? Explain how the source is like other sources on this same topic and/or how the source differs. How might this information influence how you conceptualize your work as preprofessional in this field? How might you use this source in your white paper? How might your audience respond to this type of evidence?
Audience
The audience for Assignment #2 is the members of your pre-professional student organization on campus. As such, you should select secondary research that will speak to the needs of this audience. However, the audience for Assignment #1 is primarily me, as your instructor.
Format
At the top of the page, include a few sentences describing your selected research topic.
Include your list of sources (in alphabetical order by first author’s last name) with a full APA annotation (described above).
Finally, write a short paragraph at the end of your sources explaining your developing thoughts on your topic. Now that you have read your sources, what kinds of ideas are you developing about the writing/communication practices in your selected field or profession? What topics might you want to discuss in your white paper assignment based on these ideas? What else would your audience of your pre-professional club be interested in hearing about.
Purpose
The purpose of this assignment is for you to locate and analyze sources that will serve as the support to the arguments you will make in your white paper assignment. By selecting, assessing, and reflecting of credible sources, you will learn more about your topic and be better prepared to use these sources as evidence in the arguments you’ll be making about the writing practices in this field.

In both Macbeth and the movie Titanic, the exploration of fate and personal choices displays what determines one’s path in life. Both the play and movie display the correlation between destiny and individual decisions, illustrating how external circumstances and internal decisions shape the trajectory of one’s life.  

All semester long we have read and studied poems in which the speakers invoke nature as a source of consolation for loss–either directly expressed in the text or left unspoken but implied. Examples include Brontë’s “Shall Earth No More Inspire Thee” (292-293), Dickinson’s “A Narrow Fellow in the Grass” (322), Hopkins’s “God’s Grandeur” (348) and “Pied Beauty (349),” Lawrence’s “Bavarian Gentians” (440-441), Roethke’s “Elegy for Jane” (566), Angelou’s “Caged Bird” (738),  Tate’s “Flight” (handout), and Wright’s “A Blessing” (handout). 
In a maximum of 500 words, please write a complete essay (thesis statement, body, conclusion) in which you discuss the role of nature as represented by the “Indian ponies” in James Wright’s “A Blessing.” What do the ponies represent or symbolize in the poem? What are the special qualities inherent in nature that the speaker experiences when they step over the barbed wire and enter the pasture where the ponies are grazing? Why do you think the speaker’s encounter with the ponies is so intensely meaningful to them? 
As always, your essay should be ENTIRELY your own work. You should paste the complete text of your essay in the box provided (no links or attachments). Please proofread and correct all typos and grammatical issues prior to submission. It will be due on Wednesday, May 8 at 10:00 p.m.. No late submissions will be accepted because of the deadline for posting grades. This is the final assignment in the course, so here’s your chance to show me your best work! (I grade on overall improvement.)
James Wright, “A Blessing”
Just off the highway to Rochester, Minnesota,
Twilight bounds softly forth on the grass.
And the eyes of those two Indian ponies
Darken with kindness.
They have come gladly out of the willows
To welcome my friend and me.
We step over the barbed wire into the pasture
Where they have been grazing all day, alone.
They ripple tensely, they can hardly contain their happiness   
That we have come.
They bow shyly as wet swans. They love each other.
There is no loneliness like theirs.   
At home once more,
They begin munching the young tufts of spring in the darkness.   
I would like to hold the slenderer one in my arms,
For she has walked over to me   
And nuzzled my left hand.   
She is black and white,
Her mane falls wild on her forehead,
And the light breeze moves me to caress her long ear
That is delicate as the skin over a girl’s wrist.
Suddenly I realize
That if I stepped out of my body I would break
Into blossom.

The introduction to the proposal should answer the following seven questions:
What is the problem or opportunity?
What is the purpose of the proposal?
What is the background of the problem or opportunity?
What are your sources of information?
What is the scope of the proposal?
What is the organization of the proposal?
What are the key terms that you will use in the proposal?