Category: Economics

Instructions (PLEASE READ THIS FIRST)
Refer to the book material “Olivier Blanchard, Macroeconomics. 6th or 7th edition. Pearson”. . Please submit your answers typed in Word or PDF format.
Please type your answers using at least 11pt. Cambria font. Please draw the graphs by hand or using graphical tools in Word or Excel.
Try to keep your answers to a maximum of ½ letter size page.
Please include a short list of references/ bibliography for all the resources you have used to complete this problem set. For example, Chapter No., name of book or article, etc. Include this as the last page of your document.[10 points] Using the model from Chapter 3, discuss and explain what effect a reduction in the marginal propensity to consume has on the size of the multiplier and on equilibrium output.
[10 points] Using the model from Chapter 3, graphically illustrate the effects of an increase in autonomous consumption on the demand line (ZZ). Clearly indicate in your graph the initial and final equilibrium levels of
output.
[10 points] Graphically illustrate and explain what effect a purchase of bonds by the Federal Reserve will have on the money market.
[10 points] Based on your understanding of the IS-LM model, graphically illustrate and explain what effect a monetary expansion will have on output, the interest rate, and investment.
[10 points] Based on the IS-LM mode, suppose there is a simultaneous increase in taxes and a reduction in the money supply. Graphically illustrate and explain what effect this particular policy mix will have on output and the interest rate. Based on your analysis, do we know with certainty what effect this policy mix will have on investment?
[10 points] Graphically illustrate (using the WS and PS relations) and explain the effects of a reduction in the markup on the equilibrium real wage, the natural rate of unemployment, the natural level of employment, and the natural level of output
[10 points] Explain what the Aggregate Demand curve represents and why it is downward sloping.
[15 points] Based on your understanding of the Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand model and the IS-LM model, graphically illustrate and explain what effect an increase in the money supply will have on the economy. In your graphs, clearly illustrate the short-run and medium-run equilibria.
[15 points] Based on your understanding of the Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand model and the IS-LM model, graphically illustrate and explain what effect a tax increase will have on the economy. In your graphs, clearly illustrate the short-run and medium-run equilibria.

Chapters 4 & 5 in the document attached need to be summarized. Each chapter needs to be a one page long summary.  May include bullet points and (sub) titles.

Find instructions in the midterm essay file, also included another file youll need to use for some of the questions. type inside the document.

Discuss in details the effects of the business cycles
how can endogenous factor benefits the economy

Macroeconomic analysis deals with the crucial issue of government involvement in the operation of “free market economy.” The Keynesian model suggests that it is the responsibility of the government to help to stabilize the economy. Stabilization policies (demand-side and supply-side policies) are undertaken by the federal government to counteract business cycle fluctuations and prevent high rates of unemployment and inflation. Demand side policies are government attempts to alter aggregate demand (AD) through using fiscal (cutting taxes and increasing government spending) or monetary policy (reducing interest rates). To shift the AD to the right, the government has to increase the government spending (the G-component of AD) causing consumer expenditures (the C-component of AD) to increase. Alternatively the Federal Reserve could cut interest rates reducing the cost of borrowing thereby encouraging consumer spending and investment borrowing. Both policies will lead to an increase in AD.
Develop an essay discussing the fiscal and the monetary policies adopted and implemented by the federal during the Great Recession and their impacts on the U.S. economy. Complete this essay in a Microsoft Word document, and in APA format. Note your submission will automatically be submitted through “TurnItIn” for plagiarism review. Please note that a minimum of 1500 words for your essay is required.
Your paper should be structured as follows
1. Cover page with a running head
2. Introduction: What is the economic meaning of a recession?
· A brief discussion of fiscal policies
· A brief discussion of monetary policies
3. Conclusions: Discuss the extent to which the use of demand side policies (fiscal policy and monetary policy) during the Great Recession of 2008 has been successful in restoring economic growth and reducing unemployment
4. References
Include in your essay analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of deficit spending and the effects of federal government borrowing on the economy i.e., the “crowding out” effect.

I will Provide 5 Discussion Post Instructions, EACH Discussion (5 total) having to be ~200 words. Respond to the Question Utilizing the guidlines attatched in the file. The instructions for each discussion will be provided in the text below.
DISCUSSION 1:: Effectiveness of Taxes in Reducing Tobacco Consumption
This module’s discussion focuses on you educating yourself on how public policy can impact personal consumption. First, do some searching on the internet for information/data to determine if taxing tobacco reduces cigarette consumption. You will most likely see some very interesting findings.  Is demand for cigarettes elastic or inelastic?  Why?  Is the price elasticity of demand coefficient the same for all age levels?  Any difference between citizens of different countries? Are people in the USA more responsive to taxes and thereby reduce consumption more than other countries?  Are people with lower incomes more responsive to the tax and resulting price increase compared to wealthier consumers? Report your findings.
DISCUSSION 2: The Importance of Scale to the Firm:
This module’s discussion focuses on the concept of “economies of scale.”  What does it mean when a manager of a microbrewery says “we are hoping to see profits increase as we scale our production.”  The concept of “scale” is a common word you may hear being utilized by entrepreneurs and corporate executives, from really small firms to the largest corporations.
Discussion Question:  What are economies of scale?  What factors contribute to achieving economies of scale? Give two examples of companies that have achieved economies of scale.  Also, can a firm become too large and experience diseconomies of scale? What factors could contribute to diseconomies of scale? 
Remember to use the appropriate economic concepts and terminology that are applicable to your answer. 
DISCUSSION 3: How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry
This module’s discussion focuses on ways in which monopolies form.  The first section of chapter 9 describes how monopolies can either be natural monopolies or legal monopolies.  After reading section 1, address the following discussion question. 
Discussion Question: Identify a company that is a natural monopoly or a legal monopoly. Describe what entry barrier allowed this firm to gain monopoly status.  What does the firm produce? Do you expect the firm to indefinitely have monopoly status or will things change to where the firm may lose monopoly status?   
Remember to use the appropriate economic concepts and terminology that are applicable to your answer.
DISCUSSION 4: How Does Digital Marketing Impact Monopolistic Competition?
This module’s discussion focuses on the impact digital marketing/advertising has on the demand for a firm’s products. 
Years ago, the platforms used to advertise products in the media was through print, TV and radio.  As the internet took root in the early 1990s, more firms took to the Web to promote products and services.  Today, with the exponential growth of online shopping and the use of social media platforms, businesses of all shapes and sizes utilize various media and platforms to attempt to attract customers. 
Discussion Question: Define digital marketing and discuss what role it is playing in helping businesses increase the demand for its product, or in making the demand curve more inelastic. Give examples of how successful firms have used digital marketing to enhance brand awareness and brand loyalty.  What tools are utilized in the digital space to measure brand awareness and brand loyalty?  Be sure to do some digging around on the internet to find some reliable sources of information.
DISCUSSION 5: Do Market Oriented Enviornmental Tools Have an Impact on Firm Decisions?
This module’s discussion focuses on types of market-oriented environment tools.  This is the focus of 12.3 in your textbook.   
Discussion Question: Do Market-Oriented Environmental Tools Have an Impact on Firm Decisions?
Do some research to see what type of market-oriented environmental tools are currently being utilized for either federal, state, or local governments.  Then, explain the tool being utilized and if it has had an impact on a firm’s behavior.    

the idea of diminishing marginal utility is explained.  In this week’s discussion, first, clarify what diminishing marginal utility means.  Next, identify a situation where you have experienced diminishing marginal utility.  What impact does the price of goods or services have on your consumption decision?  Remember to use the appropriate economic concepts and terminology that are applicable to your answer.
Your post must be approximately 250 words (please see Expectations attatched

Everything is on the file!
The name for the business must include the name “Medina”, other than that doesn’t matter what it is.
Thank you 🙂

Strategy and competition.
Critically assess how the T/3 Framework helps executives to understand the  execution of strategic choices in the attempt to establish and maintain a competitive  advantage. In so doing, you are asked to apply your knowledge of both Transaction  Cost Economics and Game Theory analysis in the execution of strategy within the  market-as-a-game.
please refer to my workshop project Sony pptx.
strategy essay brief.
and all the topic 1 to 5 including post workshop readings

Topics that would be preferable are Pollution and Global Warming, Add any sources that were used. Thank you