Category: Criminology

Be typed in Times New Roman 12-inch font, double spaced and with 1-inch margins. 
Be 7 pages of text (not including the title page or the references page) 
Have a title page, with your name, student number, date, and course code. 
Have an introduction and conclusion 
Contain in-text citations as well as a references page in APA style reference formatting
Must use the 7 sources 
Be sure to use concepts with precision
Critically discuss the function of psychotropic medications with prisoners/ex-prisoners experiencing mental health struggles.
As a part of your exploration, identify and discuss two recommendations that could ameliorate the lifeworlds/circumstances of the focused population 

Describe the property concepts that underlie property theft crimes. Provide examples to illustrate your thoughts.

A literature review is an essay that reports an on-going “conversation” on a topic among scholars that has been taking place in published books and articles. It identifies major issues and positions of key participants and presents our evolving understanding of the topic.
While the conversation itself has taken place over several years and the topic and list of participants has evolved, a literature review treats the conversation as a whole, giving it a coherence not apparent as the conversation initially unfolded. The participants and their published contributions may have discussed many issues. You need to focus your review on the ones most relevant to your topic.
Goals of a literature review:
Communicating what social scientists have found about your topic – provide the background information necessary for the reader to understand your project.
Provide evidence of depth and breadth – your literature review should show that you know the details of the most important aspect of the studies that relate to your specific topic and that you know of all the studies done that inform your specific topic.
Demonstrate that you can evaluate research – do not simply summarize all the studies, but evaluate their worth for your project.
Develop a general explanation for observed differences or identify potential relationships between concepts
Components of a literature review:
An introduction that provides an overview of the focus and objectives of the review, along with a thesis statement and why your study is important
A set of themes that categorize and make sense of the sources reviewed and develop the thesis (e.g., sources that support a particular position, those opposed, and those offering alternative views). Start with general patterns, findings, themes in the literature. Then move to specific findings – explaining why and how the general patterns and specific findings inform your study. Only criticize a study if your project is designed to address that limitation.
Explanation and evaluation of conclusions reached by key sources, and explanation of how they converge and diverge from the conclusions reached by other sources
A conclusion with reasonable speculations and gaps that emerge after considering the literature as a whole. This conclusion should not only restate your problem/policy/argument, but identify unanswered or inadequately answered questions. (These unanswered questions are your project.)
To accomplish the goals and components of a literature review:
Identify the broad problem area, but avoid global statements; have a clear sense of purpose.
Remember the purpose, read with a purpose, and write with a purpose.
Early in the review, indicate why the topic being reviewed is important.
Be selective – select only the most important aspects of the source for your problem/policy.
Summarize and synthesize each source within the paragraph and throughout the review
Distinguish between research findings and other sources of information (i.e., theory); If citing a classic or landmark study, identify it as such. Indicate why certain studies are important.
Use caution when paraphrasing. If you paraphrase, make sure you represent the author’s information correctly.
If you are commenting on the timeliness of a topic, be specific in describing the time frame.
Discuss other literature reviews on your topic and refer the reader to other reviews on issues that you will not be discussing in detail.
Avoid long lists of nonspecific references; if it doesn’t relate to your topic, cut it.
If the results of previous studies are inconsistent or widely varying, discuss them separately, by thematic findings.
Keep your own voice – start and end each paragraph with how this paragraph’s theme relates to your thesis/argument/problem/policy.
PROOFREAD; do not just spell check
Read your paper aloud to identify problems in flow and awkward phrasing.
If you read over a paragraph you’ve just written and notice that there are only two sources cited in that paragraph, you have summarized too much and not synthesized enough.
Revise, revise, revise. You should write a minimum of three drafts before you turn it in. For this post, you can post your first draft. Take the feedback from your peers to revise, revise, revise, before you include this in your final research paper.
Documenting your sources
The papers you utilize as sources should be cited at appropriate locations within the text (where you are using that information). You must cite any research you used to inform your project, thesis, or question both within the text and in the bibliography. Research should almost always be cited parenthetically. Students give their power away by using too many direct quotes. They often lose their own argument. All the research you use should contribute to YOUR argument, not just summarize someone else’s argument. Make your main point and then cite the journal article in parentheses afterward rather than directly referring to the article. Always avoid including the title of an article and, whenever possible, avoid the author’s name in the sentence. Again, the point is to use existing research to support your argument. Cite the source at the end of the sentence.
When citing a paper, list the authors and the year of publication and nothing else (no page numbers, etc), unless you are taking a direct quote from the paper. In this case, cite the page number where you got the quote. But use as few direct quotes as possible. For example:
Bad: Burke and others (1997) did a study that showed large woody debris is important in providing inorganic nitrogen to streams throughout the entire year. [Notice how this is giving power to Burke et al, instead of focusing on the student’s argument.]
Better: Large woody debris in lowland old growth forests has been shown to provide sustained levels of inorganic nitrogen to streams throughout the summer and winter months (Burke et al. 1997). [Notice that the same information is now being used to push the student’s argument forward.]

YouTube URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jd5AFBwtcw
Examine the psychological dynamics that cause some people to confess.
What are some of the reasons some people might confess to crimes they did not commit? Be sure to provide real-word examples in your answer.
Make sure you cite your research in proper APA format.

term project, an 8-12 page APA Style paper. Your paper should have at least 8-12 pages of substance, not counting the cover and reference pages. Please be sure that your paper is a Word Document (.doc) uploaded to the
assignment section as an attachment. Students will be required to use at least three scholarly – (peer-reviewed)- sources. Students have access to peer-reviewed.
write about its relevance to police ethics. Be thinking about identifying the major talking points about your topic that are important to review. Critically assess the literature on the subject. I am looking for critical thinking and a clear indication that you have a grasp of the literature.
Do not include quotes in your work.
I want to see your critical thinking skills on display and not a string
of quotes written by published authors. Your analysis is what is needed
for a successful paper. In other words, the peer-reviewed sources used in the paper should be paraphrased, cited in proper APA format, and reflect critical thinking.

Assignment Details
You are an intern working with a state crime scene investigation team that has statewide jurisdiction and gets called in by county and municipal authorities for crime scene analysis and laboratory support. A number of larger cities in the state have their own crime scene units. Because crime scene investigators (CSIs) get called into court to testify as expert witnesses, your unit has a lot of opportunities to testify in court. The state you live and work in has assumed the Federal Rules of Evidence Rule 702 as their own for expert witness testimony. They also have the Frye Standard (common in many states).
You will be presenting a paper to the State Division of the International Association for Identification Conference in the Capital next week. You will be presenting a paper on the topic of the admissibility of expert witness testimony in court.
Address the following in 3-4 pages:
How would you define what makes someone an expert witness?
Who can be an expert witness? Explain.
What restrictions are placed on expert witnesses?
How are lay witnesses and expert witnesses different? Explain in detail.
Explain the Daubert Rule in contrast to the Frye Standard, and disclose which one of the two would allow for the identification of more expert witnesses if they were used exclusively.
Please refer to the following Grading Rubric for this assignment.
Assignment Reminders:
Please submit your assignment.

Pick one important, frequently used concept such as crime, juries, community policin
Would like the paper wrote on community policing. I have attatched instructions for the paper,thank you.

1. I have attached documents with all the information required. 
2. Please refer first to the Document labelled “QUESTION PAPER” as it has the requirements of the essay.
3. Thereafter, please refer to the Word document labelled “STRUCTURE TO FOLLOW…” as it has all the headings and subheadings, as well as the student’s case study and theory chosen to be used.  It also has information about referencing and font style and size, please refer to that
4. I added documents with all the information for each of the points in the essay: feminist pathways; CJS responses; processing and sentencing; supervision, etc. 
5. I added information about the case study, but additional research must be included on everything
6. Lastly, I added an example of an essay I wrote. Please follow a similar style of writing including the way I in-text references in the paragraphs. The example essay includes some of the information that can be used for the feminist approach point.
7. Reference list required

In this assignment, you will start doing the research to identify relevant and recent facts and figures related to the type of victimization you chose for your fact sheet.  Area 2 (Facts & Fictures) Fact Sheet requirements are:
Include incidence and/or prevalence estimates of the type of victimization, as well as statistics about important patterns and correlates of the type of victimization
Include at least five (5) relevant and recent facts and figures from at least three (3) original sources
No more than one fact or figure can be from an assigned reading in the course
Facts and figures do not have to be specific to your assigned location
Incidence and prevalence estimates should be the most recent available – preferably in the last two years, but no less than 10 years old
For this assignment, you will submit five relevant and recent facts and figures from at least three original sources, with the original sources being cited in APA Style, on this template. It is perfectly acceptable for the five facts and figures to come from four or five original sources instead of three (in other words, if you can have five facts and figures, each from a different source). The point is to get the most relevant and recent facts and figures, and it is very likely there is no source that gives you more than one relevant fact or figure.
Template is attached below 
Note from the Professor: “I would suggest trying to focus on either cybercrime in general, or a specific type of cyber crime- such as stalking and identify theft. I would also like to see more information on rates, and demographics, and resources for victims to cyber crime.”

this is the rubric Total Possible Score: 35.00
A. Explains the Basic Elements of Decision-Making and Public Finance in Law Enforcement or Correctional Organizations in General
Total: 1.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly explains basic elements of decision-making and public finance in law enforcement or correctional organizations in general.
Proficient – Explains the basic elements of decision-making and public finance in law enforcement or correctional organizations in general. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Partially explains the basic elements of decision-making and public finance in law enforcement or correctional organizations in general. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to explain the basic elements of decision-making and public finance in law enforcement or correctional organizations in general; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The explanation of the basic elements of decision-making and public finance in law enforcement or correctional organizations in general is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.
B. Defines and Describes what is Meant By the Following Terms: Strategic Management, Quality Management, Operations Management, and Project Management
Total: 1.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly defines and comprehensively describes what is meant by the following terms: strategic management, quality management, operations management, and project management.
Proficient – Defines and describes what is meant by the following terms: strategic management, quality management, operations management, and project management. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Partially defines and minimally describes what is meant by the following terms: strategic management, quality management, operations management, and project management. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to define and describe what is meant by the following terms: strategic management, quality management, operations management, and project management; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The definition and description of what is meant by the following terms: strategic management, quality management, operations management, and project management are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
C. Explains the Distinctions between Qualitative Versus Quantitative Decision-Making and Describes Various Ways Both Styles of Decision-Making are Important for a Criminal Justice Organization
Total: 1.00
Distinguished – Comprehensively explains the distinctions between qualitative versus quantitative decision-making and thoroughly describe various ways both styles of decision-making are important for a criminal justice organization.
Proficient – Explains the distinctions between qualitative versus quantitative decision-making and describes various ways both styles of decision-making are important for a criminal justice organization. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Minimally explains the distinctions between qualitative versus quantitative decision-making and partially describes various ways both styles of decision-making are important for a criminal justice organization. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to explain the distinctions between qualitative versus quantitative decision-making and describe various ways both styles of decision-making are important for a criminal justice organization; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The explanation of the distinctions between qualitative versus quantitative decision-making and the description of various ways both styles of decision-making are important for a criminal justice organization are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
Examines the Management Philosophy of Henri Fayol (1917) and Describes the Ways Planning, Organizing, Leading, Controlling, and Coordinating Impact an Agency’s Budgetary Considerations
Total: 1.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly examines the management philosophy of Henri Fayol (1917) and comprehensively describes the ways planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating impact an agency’s budgetary considerations.
Proficient – Examines the management philosophy of Henri Fayol (1917) and describes the ways planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating impact an agency’s budgetary considerations. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Partially examines the management philosophy of Henri Fayol (1917) and minimally describes the ways planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating impact an agency’s budgetary considerations. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to examine the management philosophy of Henri Fayol (1917), and describe the ways planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating impact an agency’s budgetary considerations; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The examination of the management philosophy of Henri Fayol (1917) and description of the ways planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and coordinating impact an agency’s budgetary considerations are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
Applies Theoretical Concepts of Management and Leadership to the Chosen Agency’s Budgetary Reduction and Explains How These Considerations Reflect Strategic Management Practices
Total: 2.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly applies theoretical concepts of management and leadership to the chosen agency’s budgetary reduction and fully explains how these considerations reflect strategic management practices.
Proficient – Applies theoretical concepts of management and leadership to the chosen agency’s budgetary reduction and explains how these considerations reflect strategic management practices. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Minimally applies theoretical concepts of management and leadership to the chosen agency’s budgetary reduction and partially explains how these considerations reflect strategic management practices. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to apply theoretical concepts of management and leadership to the chosen agency’s budgetary reduction and explain how these considerations reflect strategic management practices; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The application of theoretical concepts of management and leadership to the chosen agency’s budgetary reduction and explanation of how these considerations reflect strategic management practices are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
Explains the Basic Premises of Budget Management and Preparation as they Pertain to the Type of the Chosen Agency (Either Law Enforcement or Corrections)
Total: 1.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly explains the basic premises of budget management and preparation as they pertain to the type of the chosen agency (either law enforcement or corrections).
Proficient – Explains the basic premises of budget management and preparation as they pertain to the type of the chosen agency (either law enforcement or corrections). Minor details are missing.
Basic – Partially explains the basic premises of budget management and preparation as they pertain to the type of the chosen agency (either law enforcement or corrections). Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to explain the basic premises of budget management and preparation as they pertain to the type of agency you chose (either law enforcement or corrections); however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The explanation of the basic premises of budget management and preparation as they pertain to the type of agency you chose (either law enforcement or corrections) is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.
Provides a Detailed Explanation of the Nuances of Budget Management and Preparation that are Unique to the Chosen Agency
Total: 2.00
Distinguished – Provides a detailed explanation of the nuances of budget management and preparation that are unique to the chosen agency.
Proficient – Provides an explanation of the nuances of budget management and preparation that are unique to the chosen agency. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Provide a limited explanation of the nuances of budget management and preparation that are unique to the chosen agency. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to provide a detailed explanation of the nuances of budget management and preparation that are unique to the chosen agency; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The explanation of the nuances of budget management and preparation that are unique to the chosen agency is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.
Reviews Researched Literature and Analyzes the Technical Aspects of Program Budgeting and Finance as they Pertain to the Type of Chosen Agency
Total: 2.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly reviews researched literature and comprehensively analyzes the technical aspects of program budgeting and finance as they pertain to the type of agency chosen.
Proficient – Reviews researched literature and analyzes the technical aspects of program budgeting and finance as they pertain to the type of agency chosen. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Partially reviews researched literature and minimally analyzes the technical aspects of program budgeting and finance as they pertain to the type of agency chosen. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to review researched literature and analyze the technical aspects of program budgeting and finance as they pertain to the type of agency chosen; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The review of researched literature and analysis of the technical aspects of program budgeting and finance as they pertain to the type of agency chosen are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
Explains how Strategic, Quality, and Operations Management Impact These Institutions and Defends any Budget Cuts that are Included in the Budgetary Plan Based on Research
Total: 2.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly explains how strategic, quality, and operations management impact these institutions and fully defends any budget cuts that are included in the budgetary plan based on research.
Proficient – Explains how strategic, quality, and operations management impact these institutions and defends any budget cuts that are included in the budgetary plan based on research. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Minimally explains how strategic, quality, and operations management impact these institutions and partially defends any budget cuts that are included in the budgetary plan based on research. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to explain how strategic, quality, and operations management impact these institutions; however, does not defend any budget cuts that are included in the budgetary plan with research, and significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The explanation of how strategic, quality, and operations management impact these institutions and defense of any budget cuts that are included in the budgetary plan based on research are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
Evaluates Financial Constraints Facing the Selected Organization, Taking into Consideration the Concepts of Demand and Supply as they Pertain to the Type of the Chosen Agency and Identifies Relevant Stakeholders, Potential Sources of Competition, Economies of Scale, and Financial Constraints Facing the Agency
Total: 4.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly evaluates financial constraints facing the selected organization, taking into consideration the concepts of demand and supply as they pertain to the type of agency chosen and identifies relevant stakeholders, potential sources of competition, economies of scale, and financial constraints facing the agency.
Proficient – Evaluates financial constraints facing the selected organization, taking into consideration the concepts of demand and supply as they pertain to the type of agency chosen, and identifies mostly relevant stakeholders, potential sources of competition, economies of scale, and financial constraints facing the agency. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Partially evaluates financial constraints facing the selected organization, taking into consideration the concepts of demand and supply as they pertain to the type of agency chosen, and identifies somewhat relevant stakeholders, potential sources of competition, economies of scale, and financial constraints facing the agency. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to evaluate financial constraints facing the selected organization, taking into consideration the concepts of demand and supply as they pertain to the type of agency chosen; however, does not identify relevant stakeholders, potential sources of competition, economies of scale, and financial constraints facing the agency, and significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The evaluation of financial constraints facing the selected organization, taking into consideration the concepts of demand and supply as they pertain to the type of agency and identification of relevant stakeholders, potential sources of competition, economies of scale, and financial constraints facing the agency chosen are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
Creates a Budget for Chosen Agency that Reduces the Overall Spending by 25% and Reallocates Funds as Necessary
Total: 4.00
Distinguished – Creates a thorough budget for the selected agency that reduces the overall spending by 25% and reallocates funds as necessary.
Proficient – Creates a budget for the selected agency that reduces the overall spending by 25% and reallocates funds as necessary. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Creates a partial budget for your agency that reduces the overall spending by 25% and reallocates funds as necessary. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to create a budget for the selected agency that reduces the overall spending by 25% and reallocates funds as necessary; however, significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The creation of a budget for the selected agency that reduces the overall spending by 25% and reallocates funds as necessary is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the assignment instructions.
Assesses the Impact of Proposed Budget Changes on the Fiscal Health and Human Resources Management of the Agency and Provides a Rationale for the Changes Made to the Organization’s Operating Budget
Total: 5.00
Distinguished – Thoroughly assesses the impact of the proposed budget changes on the fiscal health and human resources management of the agency and provides a comprehensive rationale for the changes made to the organization’s operating budget.
Proficient – Assesses the impact of the proposed budget changes on the fiscal health and human resources management of the agency and provides a rationale for the changes made to the organization’s operating budget. Minor details are missing.
Basic – Partially assesses the impact of the proposed budget changes on the fiscal health and human resources management of the agency and provides a limited rationale for the changes made to the organization’s operating budget. Relevant details are missing.
Below Expectations – Attempts to assess the impact of the proposed budget changes on the fiscal health and human resources management of the agency; however, does not provide a rationale for the changes made to the organization’s operating budget, and significant details are missing.
Non-Performance – The assessment of the impact of the proposed budget changes on the fiscal health and human resources management of the agency and rationale for the changes made to the organization’s operating budget are either nonexistent or lack the components described in the assignment instructions.
Written Communication: Control of Syntax and Mechanics
Total: 3.00
Distinguished – Displays meticulous comprehension and organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains no errors and is very easy to understand.
Proficient – Displays comprehension and organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains only a few minor errors and is mostly easy to understand.
Basic – Displays basic comprehension of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains a few errors which may slightly distract the reader.
Below Expectations – Fails to display basic comprehension of syntax or mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains major errors which distract the reader.
Non-Performance – The assignment is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the instructions.
Written Communication: APA Formatting
Total: 2.00
Distinguished – Accurately uses APA formatting consistently throughout the paper, title page, and reference page.
Proficient – Exhibits APA formatting throughout the paper. However, layout contains a few minor errors. 
Basic – Exhibits limited knowledge of APA formatting throughout the paper. However, layout does not meet all APA requirements. 
Below Expectations – Fails to exhibit basic knowledge of APA formatting. There are frequent errors, making the layout difficult to distinguish as APA.
Non-Performance – The assignment is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the instructions.
Written Communication: Page Requirement
Total: 2.00
Distinguished – The length of the paper is equivalent to the required number of correctly formatted pages. 
Proficient – The length of the paper is nearly equivalent to the required number of correctly formatted pages. 
Basic – The length of the paper is equivalent to at least three quarters of the required number of correctly formatted pages.
Below Expectations – The length of the paper is equivalent to at least one half of the required number of correctly formatted pages.   
Non-Performance – The assignment is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the instructions.
Written Communication: Resource Requirement
Total: 2.00
Distinguished – Uses more than the required number of scholarly sources, providing compelling evidence to support ideas. All sources on the reference page are used and cited correctly within the body of the assignment.
Proficient – Uses the required number of scholarly sources to support ideas. All sources on the reference page are used and cited correctly within the body of the assignment.
Basic – Uses less than the required number of sources to support ideas. Some sources may not be scholarly. Most sources on the reference page are used within the body of the assignment. Citations may not be formatted correctly.
Below Expectations – Uses an inadequate number of sources that provide little or no support for ideas. Sources used may not be scholarly. Most sources on the reference page are not used within the body of the assignment. Citations are not formatted correctly.
Non-Performance – The assignment is either nonexistent or lacks the components described in the instructions.