Category: Criminal justice

Paper Draft #1- Introduction of the Problem and Evidence Sections 
Paper draft #1 should include the following 
Cover page 
Introduction 
Evidence
References page 
Papers should be written in APA 7 format. 
Rubric
INTRODUCTION AND EVIDENCE
INTRODUCTION AND EVIDENCE
Criteria Ratings Pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeINTRODUCTION
10 pts
Excellent
Includes complete, well-written background information to understand the problem and its significance.
8 pts
Satisfactory
Includes strong introductory information, most major points provided.
5 pts
Emerging
Includes good introductory information, missing some points.
0 pts
Unsatisfactory
Little background information is present or Incorrect information is presented. Poor understanding or no understanding of the problem is demonstrated.
10 pts
This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeEVIDENCE
10 pts
Excellent
Clear analysis and synthesis of data is presented; demonstrated insight into the topic; conclusions strongly supported.
8 pts
Satisfactory
Presents analysis throughout; however, conclusions are not strongly supported by evidence.
5 pts
Emerging
Few attempts to synthesize the information or discuss the topic in the broader context of the scholarly literature.
0 pts
Unsatisfactory
Did not attempt to synthesize the information or discuss the topic in the broader context of the scholarly literature.
10 pts
Total Points: 20

Please select one of the race, crime, and justice topics from the list below and prepare an annotated bibliography explaining the preliminary sources you will use. Please note these are not the exclusive sources but only the first four, among others, that will support one of the research topics you will selectunder the specifications for the research paper.  Importantly, please note an annotated bibliography is more detailed than a general bibliography. It should briefly and. concisely summarize the reading and state the relevance of the article to your research topic.
The Impact of Implicit bias on race in policing
Minority Group Threat and Police Use of Force

Scenario: Imagine you are a probation officer who has been tasked with creating a report to share with the key personnel of the local school district to build awareness about laws and court processes that impact local court juvenile sentencing.
Write a report that consists of 2 parts:
Part 1: Data Visualization
Research statistics on populations of juvenile delinquents using the OJJDP’s Easy Access to Juvenile Court Statistics (EZAJCS) data tool for national data on juvenile delinquency demographics, offenses, and case processing trends. Choose 1 of the following options to investigate:
How 1 year’s delinquency case totals compare to another year’s totals based on the age at referral, manner of handling, and disposition
How 1 year’s case processing totals compare to another year for 2 types of offenses and how they vary for different demographic groups and genders
Create a visual representation of the data that shows a comparison of both groups, such as a chart, graphic image, diagram, or infographic. Do not use a table. Instead, select a visually appealing layout that your community would find easy to read and understand.
Create an image for your data visualization using an illustration tool in Microsoft® Word or PowerPoint®, or use an online drawing tool such as Piktochart® or Smore.
Part 2: Executive Summary
Write an executive summary of your findings in 250 to 525 words. Complete the following in your summary:
Explain the data shown in your image. Summarize what the difference in the numbers means for juvenile sentencing in courts.
Categorize the types of offenses that come under acts of delinquency and status offenses in juvenile courts.
Describe in detail the court process applicable for either type of offense and the court personnel associated with each process?
Please use citations and references. Points will be deducted if you do not.

INTRODUCTION
For this assignment, please select one book from the list below and provide a thorough analysis of the book.  If you have a different book in mind that you would prefer to read for this assignment, the opportunity does exist that you may select the book, with instructor approval, to read for this assignment.  It may not be a book that you have read within the last two years. The goal of this assignment is to gain an additional insight into the world of civil liability for Criminal Justice and other working professionals.
POINTS OF ANALYSIS
As you analyze the book, describe what is there and what is not.  Is the topic timely and necessary or is it of modest importance?  Why or why not?  Does the author support his/her arguments with empirical research?  Is there any empirical research at all?  What is the quality of the empirical and/or legal research?  Is the author citing to references that are important in the field, or are the cites to relatively unimportant studies, ones outdated or accomplished with suspect methodologies?  
Who are the authors? What is the nature of their backgrounds and expertise in this area? 
GRADING
Grading is primarily based on the degree to which you have studied the book, and secondarily on the quality of the review essay.  Since this is not a writing class, less emphasis (but still some) is placed on punctuation, grammar and sentence structure.  There are numerous, if not hundreds of, ways to analyze a piece of literature and you must use your analytical skills to analyze the book.  Fundamentally, you must ask yourself whether this book is good, bad, or otherwise.  Most important, you must explicate in detail why you think it is so.  That is primarily what you will be graded on.
LENGTH OF REVIEW
The length of the review of the book is left to your discretion.  Please use your discretion wisely.  Always error on the side of being overly-comprehensive, thorough, and detailed.
GRADE ALLOCATIONS
The book review essay scores can range from a maximum of 100 points (“A”) to a minimum of zero (“E”) points.  
LIST OF TITLES FOR BOOK STUDY AND REVIEW (Please select one)
Stop and Frisk: The Use and Abuse of a Controversial Policing Tactic, by Michael D. White and Henry F. Fradella*
Shielded: How the Police Became Untouchable, by Joanna Schwartz
The DOJ Investigation of the Chicago Police Department, by U.S. DOJ and Black*     this is also available for free, without Black’s introduction, at:https://www.justice.gov/opa/file/925846/download
Punishment Without Trial: Why Plea Bargaining is a Bad Deal, by Carissa Byrne Hessick
Presumed Guilty, by Erwin Chemerinsky

Taco Bell Slammed With Lawsuit Over “Especially Concerning” Advertisements, Allegedly Deceiving Customers
Taco Bell Slammed With Lawsuit Over ‘Especially Concerning’ Advertisements, Allegedly Deceiving Customers The class action lawsuit claims the chain is advertising more than they deliver.
By Emily Rella • Aug 1, 2023
Taco Bell may not be letting its customers Live Más according to a new class action lawsuit — the chain is allegedly doing the opposite by doling out less than promised on two popular menu items.
The lawsuit, filed on Monday in New York Court by Frank Siragusa, alleges that Taco Bell misled customers through “unfair and deceptive trade practices” by providing a much lower amount of beef and cheese in its Crunchwrap Supreme and Grande Crunchwrap menu items.
Photos provided by Siragusa (and embedded in the lawsuit), show Taco Bell advertisements next to photos of the food that he actually received — significantly less filled and smaller inside than the company displays.
“Taco Bell’s advertisements for the Overstated Menu Items are unfair and financially damaging to consumers as they are receiving a product that is materially lower in value than what is being promised,” the lawsuit reads. “Taco Bell’s actions are especially concerning now that inflation, food, and meat prices are very high and many consumers, especially lower income consumers, are struggling financially.”
Other menu items mentioned are the Vegan Crunchwrap and the Mexican Pizza.
The suit is seeking $5 million and believes that compensation is entitled to “all persons or entities that purchased a Crunchwrap Supreme®, Grande Crunchwrap®, Vegan Crunchwrap®, Mexican Pizza, or Veggie Mexican Pizza, from a Taco Bell, located in the state of New York” from July 31, 2020, through the final deposition of the case.
Taco Bell is owned by Yum! Brands, which also oversees fellow fast food chains, KFC and Pizza Hut.
from https://www.entrepreneur.com/business-news/taco-bell-slammed-with-class-action-lawsuit-over-crunchwraps/456790
Taco Bell Employee Charged With Fraud, Theft After Stealing Customer Credit Card Information
Taco Bell Employee Charged With Fraud, Theft After Stealing Customer Credit Card Information
By Emily Rella • Sep 18, 2023
One Taco Bell employee allegedly tried to ‘Live Más’ by overcharging customers’ credit cards and pocketing the extra cash.
Trevell Mosby, who worked at an Oregon, Ohio, location of the chain, is being accused of identity fraud and theft after multiple customers complained that they were incurring excess charges after he checked them out at the register, sometimes totaling hundreds of dollars.
One couple, Kristin and Crystal Orwig, claim that they frequent the location twice a week and have never had an issue until they noticed it took an abnormally long time for their card to run when Mosby was serving them earlier this month.
“I hand the kid my card and he swipes it,” Kristin Orwig told local outlet ABC 13. “He’s in there for a few minutes and kind of looks over at me because we’re like ‘Where’s my card?’ and he’s like ‘Oh. I’m sorry I’m having trouble with your card, I’m going to have to swipe it.”
After checking their bank statements days later, the couple noticed around $700 in online charges on the card that they handed to Mosby, prompting an investigation by the Oregon Police.
Mosby was found guilty of stealing money from multiple customers and was taken into custody.
Oregon Police stated that customers can’t do much to prevent similar incidents in the future other than opting to use cash to pay when possible, according to ABC 13.
Authorities encourage those who believe their information was compromised to file a police report that includes a copy of their most event bank statement, indicating where the fraudulent charges are.
Taco Bell did not immediately respond to Entrepreneur’s request for comment.
Taco Bell is a part of Yum! Brands, which also oversees popular fast-food chains like KFC and Pizza Hut.
from https://www.entrepreneur.com/business-news/taco-bell-employee-stole-customers-money-charged-with/459205
Questions:
1. Based on the document at the link “Taco Bell Slammed With Lawsuit Over ‘Especially Concerning’ Advertisements, Allegedly Deceiving Customers,” write a 250- to 500-word essay that presents an argument that Yum! Brands’s activity in this episode is a white collar crime (and specify what kind of white collar crime it is) and an argument that it is not a white collar crime. Your answer must refer to points made by Sutherland, Tappan, and Geis.
2. Based on the document at the link “Taco Bell Employee Charged With Fraud, Theft After Stealing Customer Credit Card Information,” write a 250- to 500-word essay that presents an argument that what happened is a white collar crime and an argument that it is not a white collar crime. Also discuss whether this might be a corporate crime as well as or instead of an occupational crime. Your answer must refer to points made by Sutherland and Shapiro.
With both questions, I don’t care what conclusions you reach about these cases. I want to see that you understand the definitional issues surrounding white collar crime that criminologists have debated over the years, and that you can apply them to real-life instances.
You will have 24 hours to write these essays. You may not use information from the Internet, except for course materials and course readings that you can only access through the Internet.
Test answers that are too long or too short will be lowered using the same standard that is used for paper assignments.
Submit your essays through the link on this page.

Instructions: Write an essay based on the questions presented below. Pick five of the following issues surrounding CJ & Mental Health (you choose your five), and integrate them into one cohesive essay. As you do so, use colored text to distinguish one topic from the next. 
Your essay should follow the same structural guidelines as the writing assignments (e.g., APA 7th). Be sure to cite readings and any multimedia content you refer to from throughout the semester. Use at least 7 sources. Use scholarly sources and use non-scholarly sources only when necessary. 
__________________________________________________________________________
(red) Describe the process of deinstitutionalization that took place in the United States. What was the impetus and ultimate result of this shift?
(blue) Tracking mental health is one of the biggest challenges, how can society do a better job tracking people with mental health challenges? How can tracking be improved within CJ?
(orange) How has treatment been approached within CJ? Suggest ways this process could be improved.
(purple) What level of care should jails have? What about prisons? How could this be managed and funded more effectively than what is currently being done?
(pink) How could the courts improve representing people with mental illness? What legal areas would need to change and why?
(green) Imagine you have a political role in the community, one that allows you to influence the services available to people with mental illness, but your influence has normal limits (i.e., you can’t do everything, and have a budget to maintain) what would you focus on and why? How would you help to prevent people with mental illness from becoming justice involved?
(maroon) Same question as #6, but for people who are now justice involved?
(black) Describe any ways in which your own thoughts and opinions about this subject have evolved as a result of this class, up to this point in the semester.
Mid-Term Exam RubricMid-Term Exam RubricCriteriaRatingsPts
Formatting and References
15 pts
There are no formatting errors
and use of citation to your reading exceeds minimum number required. Uses non-scholarly resources only when necessary. Uses APA or ASA style and is free from any plagiarism concerns. Pts: 15
Engagement with the 3-Cs of CJ
25 pts
Connection to CJ
The 3-Cs of CJ are smoothly defined with appropriate background information from the reading. Pts: 25
Contextualization of Overlap between CJ and Mental Health
25 pts
Perfect
Clearly and smoothly contextualizes the challenges between CJ + Mental Health using concepts/perspectives, employs clear connections between concepts and topic, and leaves no question as to the significance. Attempts to solve the problem in the past/future are clearly and fully explained. Pts: 25
Connection to class discussions & Additional Media Content
25 pts
Perfect
Synthesize, analyze and evaluate thoughtfully selected aspects of ideas or issues from the class discussion as they relate to this topic; as well as from the additional media content. Pts.: 25
Polished, Readability; Professional with a nice conclusion
10 pts
Perfect
Easy to read; grammar, typing, and spelling errors kept to a bare minimum; paper has a nice “flow” to it. Pts: 10

Write an essay of 900-1,250words that thoroughly explores the following:
Many states have adopted three-strikes laws and some have two-strikes laws that often result in life sentences for offenders.
Do you believe that such laws have a positive or a negative impact on society?
Are such laws “fair” to all offenders, or are minority offenders unfairly targeted? Why or why not? Explain your answer.
Use the GCU Library to locate four to six peer-reviewed sources in support of your content.

about the plea bargaining process. You are to write a 2-page paper, discussing the pros and cons of plea bargaining processes. Conclude your paper with a persuasive argument supporting your views. Support your work with relevant cases and outside sources.
Details:
Paper length 2 pages double spaced APA format. Use Times New Romans 12 pt font. Make sure to use in-text citations for any resources used to support your argument and include a reference page.

• Discussion paper: the paper will be due (in electronic form) It will be a maximum of 5 typed pages.
• You decide your own topics to write on. • You are to write on any criminal procedure topic that interests you. Your paper must include reference to topics we have learned in class and should reference the law and criminal code provisions that you learned in class.
• The paper will essentially be an analysis and opinion paper on a criminal procedure based scenario. What do you think of it, how does it accord with the law as you have learned in class; do you think the decision/situation was correct? Etc.
• the assignment is to Pick a story in the news and write on it. This is not a case analysis, do not review one single case, for e.g. R v Mann. Cause examples from the class lectures such as cases talked in the lectures.
For e.g. over the spring there was an arrest of a person downtown who had a weapon and the police used force which involved kicking the person. This was videotaped and received wide media coverage. If you chose such a scenario you would want to write about the police powers to arrest, where do they
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come from (the criminal code sections), what is the law, did they exercise
their powers to arrest properly in your opinion? Etc. NOW BECAUSE I’VE OUTLINED THIS I WILL NOT ALLOW THIS SPECIFIC SCENARIO TO BE A TOPIC USED.
• Look to news stories, the internet. Try to restrict your topic to events in Canada, and if possible Manitoba. The Law in the USA is different than our laws, so while the USA may present some interesting topics I don’t recommend discussing them.
• Follow the outline to ensure you are addressing a topic we have covered in class.
• You must include a copy of the news story you choose, this does not count towards your 5 page limit. I have attached the notes down below. Reference to the lectures. 

A school resource officer is a specialist who understands the different laws and procedures governing juveniles. Imagine you are a school resource officer who has been tasked with evaluating Philip’s case as described below. You will create a report based on this case to share with the school authorities and the police department to build awareness on the underlying causes for juvenile delinquent behavior and highlight the challenges faced by the police in handling juveniles.
Scenario: Philip grew up in a tough, lower-socioeconomic neighborhood that was characterized by several cultures and high mobility. He never felt close to his parents, and he did not perform well in school. He valued such things as his fighting ability and his ability to con people. When he was 10 years old, he began to associate with delinquent peers who taught him how to steal cars and burglarize houses. He received rewards from his peers for his behavior and did not feel guilty for his delinquent acts. Instead, he would say that the people he stole from were wealthy enough to afford to replace the items, and most had insurance anyway.
Philip has been arrested for a house burglary. He shows no sign of remorse for what he has done and is being disrespectful to the police officers. His parents are not cooperating with the police and the intake officer refuses to take Philip in, as there is a space crunch in the holding facility. The police let Philip go after giving him a warning. This is Philip’s first time in the juvenile justice system.
Research juvenile causation theories and the problems faced by the police in handling juveniles.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word report to the school authorities and the police department.
Address the following in your paper:
Which social theories can be used to explain Philip’s behavior, and which social theory is most applicable here?
How is the deterrence theory applicable in this situation? Explain.
Describe the best way in which the police should process Philip’s case. Is this crime a status offense or a delinquent act?
Based on the type of crime, how should the police respond?
Which discretionary options can be used by the police in this scenario?
How should the police officer convey the seriousness of the charges to Philip?
What alternative steps or placements can a police officer try when a juvenile is not taken in by the intake officer?
What intervention programs could help Philip deal with his delinquent behavior?
Please use citations and references. Points will be deducted if you do not.