Category: Art

  • Art Critique: “Exploring the Depths” by Sara Jones

    Choose one your fellow artists’ work. Go through the process of critiquing art – describe, analyze, interpret and summarize.
    Describe the artwork. Analyze the visual elements and Interpret – What is the artist trying to convey?
    Summary – Did what the artist was trying to convey communicate to you. Why? How? Use your visual vocabulary. Critiquing Art LectureDownload Critiquing Art Lecture
    Art Critique Text PDFDownload Art Critique Text PDF
    Description:
    Describe what you see. This is the objective part of the art critique. It involves a technical description-nothing more. To start, identify the genre of the artwork (portrait, still life, landscape, abstract etc.) Identify the style of the artwork. The description should include a statement about the materials, technique and colors used as well as the shapes, lines, texture, light, shadow, saturation and value. Comment on the predominant mood and visual effect. Note the characteristics of the artwork that first jump out at you. Explain everything you see even if you aren’t sure what it is.
    Analysis:
    The analysis analyzes the use of visual elements in artwork. Carefully examine and analyze the relationships of all the visual elements and how they are used in the structure of the artwork. Describe how the elements within the artwork are organized as a complete composition. How do the technical element contribute to the mood, meaning and aesthetic sensation of the artwork? How are lines, shapes and colors and textures used in the piece of art? Look for a center of interest (focal point/eye grabber) Is there one? What is it? Is there a special balance, or “weight,” among the elements? What mood does it create? Do the proportions look normal, ideal or unusual? Are any elements repeated to create a pattern? Where? What visual rhythms or paths of movement do your eyes follow? Are there elements that are unified with the work? What elements add variety?
    Interpretation:
    This part of an art critique is more subjective than the others. Use your analysis of the technical aspects of the piece of art to apply your own supposition to the artist’s intended purpose for the artwork. What is the artist trying to communicate or describe? Use the information you have gathered to tell what the work means to you. What does the work make you think or feel when you look at it? What is happening in the artwork? What is the artist saying? Consider not only the literal descriptions but also the emotional content and the use of symbols and allegories to arrive at the message or meaning in the work. Explain what you feel the artist’s intended purpose, concept or message is for creating that particular artwork. Examine why the artist made the choices in technique, materials and subject matter and how they relate to the intended purpose. Examine the expressive qualities you find in the work and how those elements convey meaning to you. What expressive language would you use to describe the qualities (i.e., tragic, somber, uplifting, funny, calming)? Does the work remind you of other things you have experienced (i.e., analogy or metaphor)?
    Conclusion:
    This is a summation of the art criticism process leading up to this point. Use your description, analysis and interpretation to draw conclusions about the artwork. Give your opinion on what the work conveys to you. What qualities of the work make you feel come to your conclusions? State what you think the artwork’s value is. For example, its value may be to evoke nostalgia, to incite anger or to impart beauty. Explain the strengths and perhaps weaknesses of the artwork. Explain the criteria you’ve used to draw your conclusions. What is the best thing about the piece? How unique is the work? Why do you feel this work is or may not be unique? How is this picture unique in its composition? Summarize the strongest message the artwork conveys.

  • Title: The Impact of Minimum Wage on Unemployment: An Analysis of Economic Theory and Empirical Evidence

    Does Minimum Wage Cause Unemployment?
    Your analysis
    should start first with a brief explanation of the problem
    and its complexities. You should explain the
    effects of the minimum wage laws in perfectly competitive
    markets. Next, you should compare the size
    of unemployment when the labor supply and demand are very
    elastic with the results predicted when the
    two curves are very inelastic. In addition, what happens
    when the minimum wage is increased in a
    monopsonistic labor market? You should carefully define all
    terms and concepts and include all necessary
    graphs that will help you explain your points more clearly.
    Make sure that you properly label all graphs,
    figures, and tables and appropriately refer to them in the
    text.
    Given that the effects of the minimum wage on employment
    differ based on the assumptions made about
    labor supply and demand (elastic vs. inelastic) and the
    structure of the labor market (perfectly competitive
    vs. monopsonistic) how can economists then try to find the
    answer this question?
    Carefully explain what methods economists could use to
    explore this social issue. Evaluate the empirical
    evidence and data and write your own interpretive analysis.
    HINT: Can you think of few reasons why an increase in
    minimum wage would not lead to an increase in
    unemployment (besides the arguments you made under
    monopsony)? Can you think of few reasons that
    the unemployment would go up, even if the minimum wage stays
    the same? How do the answers to these
    questions impact the reliability of empirical data?
    Due Date: December 5th , 2023. This project is worth 15% of
    final grade!
    Your submission file should include a title page with your
    name, course name, project title, and date. All
    the pages must be numbered! Your final submission should be
    10 –12 pages in length (in addition to the
    title page and references) and should use double spacing,
    12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch
    margins, and proper citations for references.

  • Contemporary Art-Making Processes: A Comparative Analysis of ART21 and Craft in America Videos Contemporary Art-Making Processes: A Comparative Analysis of ART21 and Craft in America Videos Introduction Contemporary art is an ever-evolving field that encompasses Exploring Artistic Themes and Mediums: A Journey through ART21 and Craft in America

    Instructions:
    Watch a selection of online videos that showcase the works and art-making processes of contemporary artists on ART21or Craft in America.
    Select 2 – 5 videos that showcase artists and their art-making processes (at minimum, approximately 20 – 35 minutes of video content) and analyze their artwork.
    Craft a 2 – 3 page (500 – 750 word, double-spaced) paper that discusses the videos you picked in regards to the information outlined in the essay requirements below.
    Supplement your writing with citations(when needed) and be sure to provide a bibliography.
    Essay Requirements:
    Name and provide a brief overview about the 2 – 5 artists picked from the videos you watched, their works of art, and the medium or media they work with.
    Describe the art production technique(s) used by each artist.
    Compare, contrast, or connect the artists you selected in terms of their art-making processes or techniques. You may wish to focus on one or more of the following:
    Guiding philosophies or principles;
    Planning processes;
    Medium or media used;
    Production techniques;
    Workshop or studio practices;
    Another connection, comparison, or contrast of your choice.
    Reflect on and discuss connections or differences that you observed between the art-making practices of your selected artists.
    Ensure to build and support your arguments using specific examples drawn from the selected videos.
    Please ensure to use standard writing and formatting conventions including correct spelling and grammar, as well as 12pt, double-spaced, regular font types like Arial, Cambria, or Times New Roman. Remember to look at the rubric below when crafting your essay — note that the majority of marks are assigned for parts 3 &4 of the essay requirements, not part 1 (keep this section brief!).
    Accessing Videos
    There are two (2) online sites that we are using for this assignment, ART21 and Craft in America. Each of these sites has embedded videos on their websites, searchable through headings such as ‘artist,’ ‘medium/material,’ ‘theme,’ among other organizing principles (including broadcast date, as both are originally t.v. programs). While I appreciate that we likely all likely encountered incredible artists through our social media channels or spaces like YouTube, please share these video links with your classmates through our ‘What is Art?’ discussion board and stick to looking at the videos on ART21 or Craft in America for this project. To access the online video at ART21 or Craft in America, click on the blue, hyperlinked name.
    ART21
    If you are interested in contemporary art, traditional media like painting, drawing, sculpture, or thought-provoking, challenging, and empowering ideas or themes, you want to check out ART21! To access online videos on ART21, you can:
    Use the ‘Explore’ tab to check out videos arranged by ‘Theme,’ ‘Medium,’ and ‘Narratives.’ When you click on one of the black bubbles, you will be taken to videos related to the relevant theme, medium, or narrative you picked. Note: videos can be in multiple categories, so you may see some pop up more than once. 
    You can scroll through the ‘Artist Directory’to find a specific contemporary artist that you may have read about in our course or whose work you are already familiar with. 
    ART21 also contains a ‘Search’ function if you would like to enter in freeform text. You can also watch the latests videos by pressing on the ‘Watch’ tab. Finally, there is a ‘Read’ tab, which features and gives extra context through written articles.
    Craft in America
    These aren’t your great-grandparent’s handicrafts! Contemporary craftmakers work in mediums as diverse as glassblowing, textiles, woodworking, furniture making, paper art, metalworking, and clay, creating objects that challenge our perceptions about the distinction between ‘art’ and ‘craft.’ This is also the place to go if you’re interested in architecture, as there are a few architectural videos here as well. To access online videos on Craft in America, you can:
    Visit the ‘Artists’ tab, which you can then arrange how you would like to view. You can classify artists by using the tabs on the right side of the page, where you can ‘Alphabetize’ artists by last name or divide artists by the type of ‘Material’ they work with (you can refine which medium you are interested in looking at too). 
    See the videos by ‘Theme,’ as originally arranged in episodes of the PBS broadcast. To see these thematic episodes, click on the ‘PBS Series’ tab, choose a theme, and view one or more videos related to the specific theme, as arranged on the original tv program.
    You are welcome to use video content from bothART21 and Craft in America, should you wish. You are also welcome to use video content from a single site.
    Technical Details (aka the “fine print”)
    Limit use of direct quotations and paraphrasing. Instead, if you must use content that comes directly from the video, textbook, or online lecture materials, show YOUR understanding of the ideas or content by crafting your descriptions in your own language and referencing the original source.
    Cite any sources that you use, including any direct quotation and/or use of ideas or information from a source, including the videos and course textbook.
    Provide a bibliography that includes your sources for the essay, including the required videos. For example, if you use Preston Singletary’s glasswork as one of your examples, the citation (footnote, in the body of your essay) and bibliographic entry (separate list following your entry) would look as follows from the artist’s entry on the Craft in America website (based on Chicago-style citations):
    Footnote:
    Preston Singletary, “Glass artist Preston Singletary, NATURE episode,” Craft in America, YouTube video, 11:57, April 24, 2017, https://www.craftinamerica.org/artist/preston-singletary.
    Bibliographic entry:
    Singletary, Preston. “Glass artist Preston Singletary, NATURE episode.” Craft in America. April 24, 2017. YouTube Video. 11:57. https://www.craftinamerica.org/artist/preston-singletary.
    Bibliographic entry for entire episode:
    Singletary, Preston. artist. Craft in America. Season 8, episode 2. “Nature.” Directed by Carol Sauvion. Aired April 24, 2017, PBS, https://www.craftinamerica.org/episode/nature.

  • Title: “The Timeless Beauty of Botticelli’s Primavera” The work of art that immediately caught my attention and appealed to me on the website SmartHistory.org is Sandro Botticelli’s “Primavera.” This

    Home 2018


    https://www.wga.hu/
    Use above websites ti find a piece of art
    Choose one work of art that appeals to you – for whatever reason. It can be thought-provoking, arresting, disgusting, beautiful, timeless, funny – anything. It just has to appeal to you for some reason, and it may come from any chapter in your e-book.
    3. Compose an original essay about your chosen work and share the reason(s) you chose it above all the rest, including an image of your chosen work in your essay. Briefly describe why you think it is Art, along with any additional thoughts you have about your chosen work. By this, I mean that I want to know what your thoughts are about this work specifically, as well as Art in general: 
    What is it? Just describe it. Painting? Photograph? Building? 
    Do you have any preconceived notions about art before beginning this class? 
    Do you even like art, or have you ever thought much about it? 
    Is there a difference between Art and art?

  • “Exploring the Theme of Justice in Japan and Rome: A Comparative Analysis of Primary Sources and Secondary Sources”

    Step 1
    Choose Two Civilizations- Japan & Rome
    To begin your analysis, choose two different societies or
    civilizations that we have covered in this class, within the time period we
    have considered (ca. 5000 BCE–1600 CE).
    Step 2
    Choose One Theme
    Then, choose one of the theme for the analysis:
    Justice
    Step 3
    -Choose your sources
    -Choose two works considered primary sources from each
    civilization
    -Select at least two works (literature, philosophy,
    theology, art, architecture, or music) from each culture or society that
    expresses the chosen theme of your analysis, for a total of four primary
    sources.
    -Choose two scholarly secondary sources, one relevant to
    each civilization
    -Select at least two scholarly secondary sources, such as
    scholarly journal articles, scholarly books, or chapters in scholarly books.
    Remember that the textbook does not count toward this research requirement.
    Step 4
    Prepare Your Analysis
    In your analysis,
    -Compare how one human theme is expressed in two different
    societies or civilizations covered in the course.
    -Examine at least two works considered primary sources from
    each of the chosen societies or civilizations that express the human theme
    (four works total).
    -Explain how the society or civilization in which it was
    created influenced each work.
    -Utilize at least two scholarly secondary sources, one for
    each of the chosen societies or civilizations, to help you contextualize and
    explain these works.

  • Formal Analysis of “The Starry Night” by Vincent van Gogh “Analyzing Art: Exploring Color, Light, Space, and Perspective in Art History Essays” “The Significance of Art in Society: A Formal and Interpretive Analysis of [Artwork]” In-Text Citations: A Guide for Proper Usage and Formatting

    https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hmtPlGT5Icybg-7PLySKI1TUmkEBqph2IBBwzrCrZWg/edit?usp=sharing (this link for google docs open it so you know everything you need)
    ASSIGNMENT DETAILS (please read carefully):
    Written response to a selected artwork. Please select a single artwork from the images provided on the link.  https://drive.google.com/file/d/15kGSTcBCxz8uqimLiQ7MD1X5c2K7R2xO/view?usp=share_link
    Required length: minimum 1000 words double-spaced (approx. 3 pages), not more than 1200 words. Please note that word count does not include the works cited page. 
    Write about a single artwork selected from the images provided on Canvas. No direct comparison of artworks is allowed for this essay (except the two dishes).
    If you are not happy with the selections, that is ok! Talk to me about a piece you would rather write about – it is more than likely I will approve it. 
    I am looking for your critical thinking and formal analysis on an artwork(s).
    No more than five single sentence quotes from the course textbooks or other secondary source material. 
    Must include in-text citations and works cited page for all source material, including textbook. 40 point deduction if sources simply listed at the end of the essay.
    Original thoughts only. See syllabus for class policy on plagiarism and the student code of conduct.
    WHAT TO DO: 
    Formally analyze the content and compositional elements of an artwork from the images available on Canvas. If you prefer to write about something else, just let me know. 
    Please note: Formal art analysis involves the detailed description of compositional elements in a work of art to support your ideas. Describe elements as if the person reading the essay cannot see the work of art.
    Most important in this assignment is to focus on an idea or critical element about the selected artwork (thesis statement), and support your thoughts with description of compositional elements (organization, line, color, light, space, etc.)
    ** Please review the resources in the final essay module. for assistance on compositional analysis. Including: ”Tips to analyze art,” “Information on thesis statements,” “analyzing book pages, painting and photography” 
    Composition – arrangement of the parts that form the whole
    Stable composition – Forms are stable or peaceful. Largely based on horizontal and vertical forms.
    Dynamic composition – Forms display tension or potentially in motion. Many diagonal or curving forms.
    Consider if the whole artwork appears to be…
    –Symmetrical – both sides of artwork are similar in size and shape
    –Balanced – both sides of artwork are not alike, but appear to be weighted the same.
    –Asymmetrical – (unbalanced) – one half appears to have heavier or lighter forms.
    Rhythm – Orderly repetitions of similar forms.
    An important method to create order in a work of art is rhythmic repetition of a form.
    Predictability – repeated forms are almost identical
    Variety – repeated forms are somewhat similar, but not identical.
    The following are compositional elements to consider when viewing an artwork:
    –Organization of the entire picture plane: Is it simple or complex? Geometrically ordered or free and seemingly accidental? Do some forms dominate others? Is there symmetry (similar parts facing each other on equal sides)? Is the painting crowded or spacious? Are the shapes similar or different? Do similar shapes repeat?
    –Individual shapes or objects: Are there many or few? Are they large or small (in relation to the entire picture area)? What kinds of patterns do they form? Is the emphasis on the central area of the painting or marginal areas? Are forms multi-dimensional or flat?
    –Lines: Is there a clear sense of line? Are lines clear or obscure? Angular or curved?
    –Colors: Are they bright (‘saturated’) or subdued (‘low-key’)? Are there many colors or few (is the palette ‘wide’ or ‘limited’)? Are the dominant colors warm (reds, oranges, yellows) or cool (blues, grays, greens)? Are there moderate or extreme contrasts? Are there large areas of color or small patches? Are certain colors repeated?
    –Light: Is there a consistent source?  Is the source inside or outside the picture? Is light used to emphasize parts of the picture, to create mood? If it is a black and white photo, how is the photographer using light to emphasize certain parts of the photo.
    –Space: Is the space shallow or deep, open or screened? Is the emphasis on solids or voids (intervals)? What kind of perspective is used (linear and/or aerial)? Is the main interest near or far?
    Perspective: 
    Perspective is what makes a painting seem to have form, distance, and look “real”
    Replicates the optical illusion that objects get smaller and become closer together with distance.
    Linear Perspective – A method to present three dimensions on a two-dimensional surface. Simulates the recession of space.
    Example of single point linear perspective:
    .      
    Example of two-point perspective:
    Aerial perspective – representing distant objects with less detail. Typically done with blue or grey colors.
    Art is a provocative medium, and your challenge in writing about art may often be to define and evaluate the artist’s choices and techniques, which, according to your intellect and perception, arouse interest and convey meaning. In most cases you will be translating the visual (what you see) into language (what you write). In order to do this, you will have to be extremely attentive to the characteristics of the work—which means that description will incorporate a portion of your essay—and be attentive to the vocabulary of the discipline of Art.  
    You must also be able to develop a thesis statement with a detailed analysis and argument about the artwork you have chosen. Therefore, you must consider what it is you want to say, and use description to make that point. In many ways, writing an Art History essay is similar to writing other types of essays in the Humanities. It requires a clear and focused topic, an arguable thesis, an organized format and structure, clear and coherent paragraphs, and a command of grammar and style. 
    Thesis Statements
    Most academic essays seek to persuade readers to understand a specific issue in a specific way—the writer’s way. The writer’s thesis statement offers this substantial but concise assertion of her/his understanding (usually in one to two sentences in the introduction or near the beginning of the essay), thereby providing an essay with its judgmental focus.  
    Perhaps, though, in writing about art you might want to offer a well thought-out central idea rather than an overtly argumentative statement. For example, “African art was a major influence on the work of Pablo Picasso” states a well-documented and widely shared opinion that is interesting but uncontroversial. Of course, a paper on this topic would have to fully elaborate on that relationship and offer examples of it. 
    The difference between an idea and a thesis statement is in their degree of contention. The above example of a central idea could be debatable, but mainly the disagreement would arise if the writer does not adequately explain and illustrate the idea through detailed description, intelligent criticism, and analysis, and not because of the idea itself. 
    However, in a thesis statement—such as, “Picasso’s treatment of women in his art mirrors the distorted vision he had of women”—it is more obvious that readers will either strongly disagree or agree, by the very nature of the claim itself. Moreover, even if the writer advances a stimulating argument with impressive evidence in defense of the thesis, because the claim is so contentious, a reader may still disagree.  
    Using Sources  
    A good research paper often includes evidence from both primary and secondary sources. Whether you are using primary or secondary sources, remember to explain and analyze the passages that you have chosen from the texts (or elements you have chosen from the works), and what those passages (or elements) mean in relation to your argument. 
    You must also prepare your reader before using passages (direct or paraphrased) by providing at least a brief background. Example: “Jane Doe, chair of the Philosophy department at Harvard states…” 
    1. Primary Sources
    Primary sources refer to the original materials (not what another author says about them). In the case of art, primary sources will most likely be the artwork (paintings, sculptures, installations), or interviews with artists.
    2. Secondary Sources
    Interpreting and commenting on primary sources, secondary sources include books and articles in scholarly journals. These texts are extremely helpful as they deepen our knowledge of art and inform us of the many critical approaches to art that scholars and other specialists in the field have taken. Even though these sources are of great value, an art paper is usually not comprised entirely of secondary sources. Remember do not use Wikipedia or blogs. 
    Documentation  
    You are required to document all of your sources, including ideas, paraphrases, quotations, and references to a complete text. There are style manuals, such as The MLA (The Modern Language Association) Handbook that provide guidelines for documentation. I have provided links on Canvas for an example MLA formatted essay, bibliography, and citation assistance  **Remember: If sources are consulted, they must have an in-text citation with the source included on a works cited page at the end of the document. Also, biographical information used in the essay must be cited to demonstrate the sources that have been consulted.** 
    ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING TOPICS:
    Introduce the artwork, address the time it was made, the dynasty in power (if known), societal conditions of the time in which the artwork was made (if relevant), and any historical significance of the artwork. Consider how religion or regional style affects the selected artwork.
    Evaluate the artwork through extensive formal visual description (line, shape, color, etc.) of the art object. Including description of appearance, subject matter (example: religious or secular text, etc.) the medium (ceramic, iron, etc.) and the significance to the work, scale (size), and briefly comment on what is satisfying and/or not satisfying about the work. (Do not overuse statements such as: “I think”, “I feel,” etc.). Please see “How To Write About Artwork” for more information on compositional analysis.
    Interpret the work. What is it about? What is the meaning? Think about perspectives that are social, cultural, political, economic, or aesthetic. Get societal / historical information from the textbook(s) and/or another source. 
    Not sure what to write about? Experiencing problems with analyzing artwork? I am here to assist you, please contact me if you have any questions.
    SOURCE MATERIAL POLICIES / PLAGIARISM:
    1 academic is source required – from the textbook or other secondary source. No more than 3 sources are allowed.
    No more than 5, one – two sentence quotes.
    No more than 3 sources are allowed.
    If anything in your paper has come from a source, you must cite it. 
    Use scholarly sources such as course textbook or book(s) from library. No Wikipedia, dubious online sites, blogs, or peer-reviewed papers.  Wikipedia is publicly updated and not always accurate. 
    If using an Internet source, only use museum websites (MET museum / British museum), or reputable newspapers (for example: NY Times, Los Angeles Times)
    No large quotes (over 4 lines) from source material.
    See resources on source material and writing assistance for MLA format and in-text citations. 
    All source material must be acknowledged with an in-text citation within the body of the essay and included on a works cited page!
    Listing sources at the end of the essay with no indication where they have been used in the essay is not acceptable and will result in a 30-point deduction. 
    What is an in-text citation?
    Quite simply, if you are directly quoting or borrowing from another work, you should include the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses. In-text citations point the reader to more complete information in the Works Cited list at the end of the paper. Please know that I am more concerned with having an in-text citation listed, than I am with correct formatting.
    Here is an incredible resource for information on in-text citations. 
    Quick overview of in-text citations
    When you quote directly from a source, enclose the quoted section in quotation marks. Add an in-text citation at the end of the quote with the author name and the page number:
    Example: Having the image be made in the readymade style, that of taking an already existing image and manipulating it with words, simplifies the work, making it more accessible to the viewer and “erases the presence of the hand of the artist” (Smith 765).
    2.   When you quote directly from a source and you refer to the author’s name in a sentence you do not have to include the name again as part of your in-text citation, instead include the page number (if there is one) at the end of the quotation or paraphrased section.  
    Example: Islamic Art scholar Robert Hillenbrand indicates, “Mamluk glass is closely related to contemporary metalwork in the vocabulary of its decoration” (17).
    3.    If you do not know the name of the author, then use an abbreviation of the title (the first 1-3 words of the title). Place quotation marks around the title.
    Example: “Picasso made artwork that was grouped together in a so-called blue period”  (“Man and Myth” 22).
    4.   When you quote from electronic sources that do not provide page numbers (like Web pages), cite the author name only.
    Example:  “Barbara Kruger relies on commentaries on society and manipulation of media as the focal point of her pieces, this interest and experience comes from eleven years of graphic design” (Russell).
    5.   When you quote from electronic sources that do not provide an author, use a shortened version of the title in your in-text citation surrounded by quotation marks.
    Example: John Smith was born into a family of artists both his “mother and father attended the School of the Visual Arts in New York and graduated at the top of their class” ( “Young John Smith”). 
    Paraphrasing (scrambling words around from a source to make it your own)
    This can be a problematic area for students when writing. Quite simply, paraphrasing is when you write information or ideas that come from a source in your own words. You must cite the source by adding an in-text citation at the end of the paraphrased portion.
    Example: The Social Realism style of the Coit Tower murals, which depicted genre scenes often combined with political or social commentary, followed in the style of Rivera’s murals (SF Parks and Recreation). **In this example the writer took the information from SF Parks and Recreation and placed it in their own words** 
    Example: Liu was an American artist born in China who was a young woman during Mao’s Cultural Revolution. During this time, she was forced into labor in the countryside, using visual art and photography as an escape. When she immigrated to the United States in 1984 she advanced and evolved her work into reimagining historical images to reanimate her subjects and give them back their identity (Masterson 50, 55, 65-71). **Notice in this example the writer cobbled together information from multiple pages and placed it in their own words.**
    Please note: The period goes outside the parenthesis, at the end of your in-text citation

  • Exploring the Significance of “A Streetcar Named Desire” in Theatre History: A Comparative Analysis of Three Productions

    Choose a play from history. You may include modern plays and musicals that started on the stage. NO MOVIES!
    rInclude 3-4 productions. You may include visuals in your report. 
    Be Organized! Include a summary about the play and playwright. Why is it important in theatre history? Use sources that are reliable! Use the library!
    Use MLA Style!
    Include a thesis statement in your introduction.
    Make sure you support your claims with evidence from the text—use quotes.  
    Underline your thesis statement in the first  paragraph
    Pages typed double spaced—12point times new roman
    Quoting Evidence from Sources
    Quoting is one of the ways you can incorporate evidence from a source into your research paperor other writing assignment.
    Quoting means using the exact words of the source, rather than a summary or paraphrase in yourown words. This is also called a direct quote.
    To incorporate a direct quote effectively, you need three things:
    1.    Introduction
    This tells the reader that a quote is coming up.
    2.    Quoted text
    This is the actual text reproduced exactly as it appears in the original source.
    3.    Explanation of relevance
    This tells the reader why the quoted text is important for your argument.
    In the following example, the introduction is marked (1), the quoted text is marked
    (2)  and the explanation of relevance is marked (3). (The numbers are just forclarification; you would not use them in an actual writing assignment.)
    (1)  In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson includes a list of god-givenrights, including (2) “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.”
    (3) These words indicate an important shift in emphasis from the First ContinentalCongress of 1774, which had issued a declaration of rights in which stated that thecolonists were entitled to life, liberty and property.
    How to Format Direct Quotes
    Brief quotes should be set off from the surrounding text with double quotation marks as inthe example above. If your quoted text is more than four lines, use a block quote. A div begins on a new line, doesn’t have quotation marks, and is indented about one inchfrom the left margin.
    Quoted evidence must come from reliable sources and be properly cited. In additionto using direct quotes, you can also iincorporate evidence by
    paraphrasing or summarizing.

  • The Importance of Art in Education and Society: Reflection and Analysis Art has always been a fundamental aspect of human expression and communication. In recent years, however, its role in education has been increasingly undervalued and even neglected. In the TED

    Watch the following two videos, one of Why Art Matters: Dr. Linda F. Nathan at TEDx The Calhoun School explaining the significance of art in the school system and the second of Adam Savage speaking My Obsession with Objects and the Stories They Tell. What role did the arts play in your previous education? Have you had any experiences like the ones Dr. Nathan describes? Does this change the way you think about art in the school system? Why is creativity important? What is the difference in the works being described in Adam Savage’s video and those of the untrained or trained artists mentioned in your textbook (Living With Art) ? Expand on your answers illustrating your views on the role of the arts on today’s society.
    Your answers should be in paragraph form and a minimum of 250 words.
    VIDEO LINKS:

  • Title: “The Significance of Cultural Exchange in the Development of Greek Art: A Critical Analysis of the Parthenon Frieze” “From the Rise of Rome to the Fall of the Republic: A Visual Journey through 2500 Years of Roman History”

    Instructions:
    The paper for this class should be 5-7 double-spaced pages. It should deal with either a 
    single work of art or architecture. Come up with a thesis about the work. Don’t be afraid to think critically: 
    what do YOU think about the work? Support any claims with evidence. You should also look at your secondary sources critically. Do they disagree? Which one is more likely right in 
    your opinion? 
    Writing assignments are graded on the following criteria:
    1) Choice of a suitable topic. Choose a narrow topic such as “The Hermes of Praxiteles,” 
    “The East Frieze of the Parthenon,” or “The Eleusis Amphora.” That is, your topic should be 
    on a specific artifact, monument, or building. Under no circumstances should there be a 
    paper with a topic like “Roman Art” which is a difficult subject to do justice to in a full-length book, let alone a short paper!
    2) Citation. Cite your sources. Any thought that is not original to your paper that cannot 
    reasonably claimed to be common knowledge should have a footnote, endnote, or 
    parenthetical citation. If you have no idea how to do this, please have a look at the MLA 
    Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, or the Chicago Manual of Style, or my website 
    here: http://peternulton.com/index.php/assignment-a/
    Example: The Parthenon is in Athens. (no citation needed) It is made of limestone and Pentelic marble. (no citation needed) It was made to communicate with aliens. (Here you 
    either need to cite your source, or take responsibility for this goofy claim, and spend the 
    rest of your paper defending it. Good luck with that.)
    The existence of citations does not absolve you from needing to include a bibliography or 
    list or works cited at the end.
    (Please note that site, cite, and sight are different words with different meanings! archaeological site, website, cite a source, sight for sore eyes…)
    3) Making and defending reasonable claims. If you have an original thesis, please try to 
    show supporting evidence. This also covers critical use of sources. When an author makes an unusual claim, to what extent can they defend it? Some sources are better researched than others. Beware most internet sources. You might read Wikipedia but use it to find 
    other sources. As it is “authorless” (crowd sourced authoring) and changing, it does not 
    constitute a source in itself. If you need to rely on what you find online, try accessing JSTOR through the library website. Even then, read carefully and critically. This is often the way in which new discoveries are made. 
    (Several of my publications, for example, are the result of a feeling of skepticism while 
    reading articles or listening to lectures.)
    Try to avoid random websites, or those not of scholarly intent. The paper for this course is 
    to be around five pages in length. Try to have at least five sources. 
    If you still have questions about the paper:  http://peternulton.com/index.php/assignment-a/
    Content/Topic of class: 
    This course discusses developments in architecture, painting, and sculpture in Southern 
    Europe,
    Northern Africa, and Western Asia, in the Hellenic sphere of influence between 900 BCE and CE
    400. Topics include Greek and Hellenistic Art, Etruscan and Roman Art, and the archaeological
    methods used to investigate these civilizations. Emphases will include the 
    importance of cultural
    exchange in the development of what would become Greek culture and the immense plurality seen
    in those regions during that period.
    Expectation: 1. Increase understanding of art and art-making in the ancient Mediterranean, and appreciate
    the differences between the diverse cultures that existed there. 
    2. Understand the chronology of historical and art-historical periods during this period. 
    3. Practice the archaeological skills of visual and contextual analysis.   4. Understand how
    these artifacts, artworks, buildings, and sites relate to contemporary civic
    and/or religious contexts.
    Required texts: 
    -Neer, R. T. (2012). Greek art and archaeology: A new history, c. 2500-c. 150 BCE. 
    -Steven Tuck (2015) A History of Roman Art.

  • “Art 101 Final: Exploring the Evolution of Art from Etruscan to Gothic”

    This is our final for Art 101. The final consists of 40 pictures / images of art works we saw in class and had been in the quizzes you had taken. The final begins with Etruscan art , Chapter 6 and goes to Gothic Art, Chapter 11. It only includes work we studied since the midterm. It does not include works from the Neolithic to Greece art works. I need you to provide me with the same information about the artworks as you have in the past:
    Tell me
    1. The name of the object.
    2. When it was made.
    3. Where it was made ( NOT what museum is currently exhibits the object).
    4. Why was it made. what is the object’s purpose. a reminder- Gothic Cathedrals were more than ” A place of worship”.
    Art 101 Final. Covering chapters 6-11.
    https://youtu.be/3vSrPR99_r8 Links to an external site.