Category: Anatomy

Create a Table with all the structures of the Cell and their functions.
Ex
Composition Functions
1.- Cell membrane Phospholipid bylayers + Cholesterol 1.- Protection
proteins +( Glyco-calyx, glyco-proteins, etc) 2.- Transport
2.- Cytoplasma ghuivrlfrlerker[pljpdpdvkddsdkkk dfkvbdfbkmjlsgl

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Instructions
During the Great Recession, like any other economic downturn, unemployment rises, aggregate income declines, and there is a major decline in tax collections. At the same time, increased unemployment causes spending on safety-net programs to rise. In response to these situations, government appears to have only two options (neither good) to stabilize the national economy: either put in place severe austerity measures (cut spending), or increase borrowing. Of course, it is very difficult to defend cuts in the federal government programs and especially programs geared to sustain a minimum standard of living for the poor, but increased borrowing has major adverse impacts on the national economy.
Write an essay analyzing
· Different theoretical views on national debt,
· Long-run costs of high national debt,
· Costs of eliminating the budget deficit solely through (1) personal tax increases, and/or (2) through spending cut by decreasing in transfer payments (i.e., Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid) and in discretionary spending (such as defense and education budgets).

Can the Bacteria in Your Gut Talk to Your Brain?
PART A:
There is current research underway that explores the relationship between the bacteria that live in our gastrointestinal tract (our “gut” bacterial), and our brains. Click on the link below to listen to an interview from NPR Science Friday. After listening to the interview and reading the posted articles, and using other resources you may find, discuss your thoughts about the connection between the gut microbiome and the brain by answering the following:
Does the relationship between the gut and the brain make sense to you? Why or why not?
Name TWO facts you learned that you did not know before listening to the podcast and reading the articles. What question(s) do you have after listening to the podcast and/or reading the articles that were not answered?
Science Friday interview:
Can the Bacteria in your Gut Send Messages to your Brain? (https://www.sciencefriday.com/segments/can-the-bacteria-in-your-gut-send-messages-to-your-brain/)
Articles:
Our Microbiome May be Looking Out for Itself (http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/14/science/our-microbiome-may-be-looking-out-for-itself.html?_r=0)
Gut Feelings: The Future of Psychiatry May be Inside Your Stomach (http://www.theverge.com/2013/8/21/4595712/gut-feelings-the-future-of-psychiatry-may-be-inside-your-stomach)
PART A Deadline: Friday, 05/17, 11:59PM

Your paper should include the underlined items below as section headings.
APA 7th edition Title page:
This is a separate page by itself, with the following information centered in the middle of the page: course title, paper title, student’s name, instructor’s name, and date.
Description of Pathology:
Start the paper on a new page.
In this section, you will describe the pathology (statistics about it, background information, etc.). Give as much information as you can about it but be sure it is relevant information and not just filler. It should be a comprehensive introductory section of the condition in one to two paragraphs.
Normal anatomy of the major body system affected: In this section, you will describe what is considered normal anatomy for your particular pathophysiology. For example, if you are discussing a disease related to the brain, explain what is normal for the brain from an anatomical standpoint. You should show comprehensive knowledge of the fundamental concepts and communicate information using scientific vocabulary. There should be little to no discussion of the condition itself in this section.
Normal physiology of the major body system affected: In this section, you will be discussing physiology. Keep in mind that when describing physiology, it isn’t enough to merely provide a list of functions of the body system (Ex: Neurons send signals throughout the body), instead, you need to be able to describe how it does it. The how is the physiology. There should be little to no discussion of the condition itself in this section
Mechanism of Pathophysiology: This section is likely going to be the most in-depth and longest section. In this section, you will explain your particular pathophysiology from a scientific standpoint. In the previous two sections, you explained what is considered normal, in this section, you should describe what the pathophysiology is doing that is causing these issues, how the normal anatomy & physiology is affected/different in a person with your condition. You should show a thorough understanding of the anatomical and physiological changes contributing to the disease. Some good keywords to search for when doing your research might be “Pathology of __________”, Pathophysiology of __________.”
Prevention: In this section, you will explain how your pathophysiology could be prevented. This should outline possible prevention protocols, or clearly indicate if none is available based on the current scientific literature.
Treatment: In this section, you will explain how your pathophysiology is commonly treated. Provide possible treatment protocols for the condition based on current scientific literature. Be sure to bring in nursing relevant information and how you might be involved in the treatment of the condition.
Conclusion: Finally you should summarize your findings. All good research papers should include a conclusion where you wrap up and summarize all of the important points made in your paper.
References:
As with the Title page, this should be a separate page by itself.
All references should be included in correct and complete APA format.
All references must be cited appropriately in the paper using APA-style in-text citations.
A minimum of three reputable sources are required for this assignment.
Requirements for Length & Submission
The length requirement for this paper is between 4-6 full pages of content, double-spaced – this does not include the Title page and the Reference page (both on separate pages) that do not contribute to page count. Use of images/tables/diagrams will not count for total page number either.
Students will be assigned individual topics related to physiology and pathological conditions of physiological systems by their instructor. You must write your paper based on your assigned topic.
Your paper must be submitted as a PDF (.pdf) or Word document (.doc or .docx). These are the only file types that will be accepted.
Assignment Checklist
Checkbox Sections & Criteria
Title page
Description of Pathology
The body of the paper should include the following sections:
Normal Anatomy of the body system
Normal Physiology of the body system
Mechanism of Pathology
Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
Reference page
Between 4-6 full pages of content, double-spaced – Title page and the Reference page (both on separate pages) do NOT contribute to page count. Use of images/tables/diagrams will not count for total page number either.
Be sure to include in-text citations where appropriate. You should have a minimum of one in-text for every final reference you have listed.
A minimum of three reputable sources are required for this assignment.
All sources need to be cited properly in APA format – in-text citations and references
Times New Roman, 12 pt. font

Tissues are a group of similar cells that perform specific body functions. There are four primary tissue types: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. These different tissue types work together to form organs and affect the structure and function of the organs they create as well as the organ systems and the human body as a whole. Damage to the tissue can thus affect the functioning of the individual tissue as well as the higher levels of organization. Aging of the tissues can also affect their structural integrity and functioning as well.
Instructions:
Pick a type of tissue as the focus of your discussion.
For example, connective tissue consists of bone, cartilage, adipose tissue, and others. Pick one of the types of connective tissue rather than the entire group.
Try to pick a type unique from your peers.
Discuss changes that can occur to this tissue type from damage to the tissue or aging of the tissue. Be specific with the changes that could occur and explain any mechanisms involved with damage or aging of the tissue.
Discuss the outcomes of damage or aging of this type of tissue. Does regeneration or repair of this tissue normally occur? Why or Why not? Relate your thought on this to the tissue’s characteristics.
Based on what you know of this tissue type predict if the integrity of the tissue will be maintained after the damage or aging of the tissue? Be specific and explain your position.
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.

Explain the anatomical concepts associated with the nervous system. Summarize this module’s key points in 5-6 sentences.  
Explain the physiological concepts associated with the nervous system. Summarize this module’s key points in 5-6 sentences.  
How will you apply the concepts you have learned about the nervous system in real life and in your future career? 
Which topic within this module has been the most valuable to your learning experience and why? 
Which topic(s) within this module did you struggle to understand and why? 
(Optional) Do you have any suggestions for your instructor on how they could help you connect with the difficult topics you’ve noted? 

Discussion Board: Muscular System
Instructions
Muscles in Motion:
Imagine you are a personal trainer designing an exercise program for a client who wants to improve their overall muscle strength and endurance.
• Choose one muscle group (e.g., quadriceps, biceps, etc.) and describe a series of exercises that target that muscle group.
• In your response, explain the function of each exercise and how it specifically targets the muscles in that group.
• Name the prime mover (agonist) muscle in the group and describe the origin, insertion, and action of the muscle. Then list one synergist and one antagonist muscle.
• Reflect on the importance of muscle strength and endurance in overall health and wellness, and how your exercise plan can help your client achieve their fitness goals.
• Be sure to use your own words and avoid simply copying and pasting information from external sources. Instead, draw on your understanding of anatomy and physiology to craft a unique and personalized exercise plan that is tailored to your client’s needs.
• After reading the chapter, notes, and watching all the videos in the module, in your initial post, ask your peers 1 clarifying question about what you have not understood in this module. Be specific with the questions.
• In your 2 reply posts please try and answer your instructor’s or your classmates’ clarifying questions.

The Heart
Utilizing knowledge from your learning and assigned readings, respond to the following questions:
Explain the significance of the thickness of the left ventricular wall.
The major coronary vessels are on the surface of the heart. What is the advantage of that location?
Since the SA node is at the top of the atrial mass, the atria contract from the top down. How does this increase the efficiency of atrial contraction? Do the ventricles have a similar arrangement? If so, how does it work?
What is the purpose of prolonged contraction of the myocardium?

Please log in my pearson account, and do assignments
Chapter 1 ( 41 questions )
Chapter 2 (53 questions )
Chapter 3 ( 42 questions )
this has to be done by May 14
each chapter will cost 13$ meaning this order total will be 39$.
link to pearson : https://mlm.pearson.com/enrollment/bidot39897
see the files attached below with all the information!

Response must be at least 300 words and response to peer must be at least 150 words.
Vertebral Column
Using the South University Online Library or the Internet, research about bone, joints, and vertebrae. Based on your research and understanding, respond to the following:
Analyze the bone markings of the vertebrae and distinguish among the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae.
Evaluate the six diarthrotic joints including the movement seen in each joint and provide examples of each.
Evaluate synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic joints detailing the type of movement and location of each. Provide several examples for each joint.
Categorize three different joints found within the vertebrae, including the bone markings of each bone and the movements produced by those joints.
Peer to respond:
Peer Anthony…
Analyze the bone markings of the vertebrae and distinguish among the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae
1. Cervical Vertebrae:
– Transverse Foramen: Present in all cervical vertebrae except C7, these foramina allow the passage of the vertebral arteries and veins.
– Bifid Spinous Process : The spinous process typically splits into two prongs, providing attachment points for muscles and ligaments.
– Small Body: Cervical vertebrae have relatively small and oval-shaped bodies.
– Vertebral Foramen: Larger in size compared to other regions of the spine to accommodate the cervical spinal cord.
2.Thoracic Vertebrae:
– Costal Facets: Located on the sides of the vertebral body and transverse processes, these facets articulate with the heads of ribs, contributing to the structure of the rib cage.
– Long Spinous Processes: These processes project posteriorly and inferiorly, overlapping the vertebra below, aiding in muscle attachment and providing stability to the thoracic spine.
– Demifacets
Evaluate the six diarthrotic joints including the movement seen in each joint and provide examples of each.
1.evaluation of the six diarthrotic joints, along with their movements and examples:
1. Hinge Joint:
– Movement: Flexion and extension occur along one plane.
– Example: Elbow joint (ulnohumeral joint), allowing bending (flexion) and straightening (extension) of the arm.
2. Ball and Socket Joint:
– Movement: Offers a wide range of motion, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
– Example: Shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint), facilitating movements in multiple directions such as raising the arm overhead and rotating it.
3. Pivot Joint:
– Movement: Allows rotation around a central axis.
– Example: Atlantoaxial joint between the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) vertebrae, enabling rotation of the head from side to side.
4. Saddle Joint:
– Movement: Permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.
– Example: Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, facilitating a wide range of movements essential for grasping and manipulating objects.
5. Gliding Joint:
– Movement: Enables sliding or gliding movements in various directions.
– Example: Intercarpal joints of the wrist, allowing smooth movements during wrist flexion, extension, and side-to-side motion.
6. Condyloid Joint (Ellipsoidal Joint):
– Movement: Provides flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction, but without rotation.
– Example: Radiocarpal joint of the wrist, facilitating movements such as bending the wrist forward and backward, as well as side-to-side motions.
These examples illustrate the diverse range of movements enabled by diarthrotic joints, crucial for various activities and functions in the human body.
Here are three different joints found within the vertebrae, along with their bone markings and movements:
Intervertebral Discs (Amphiarthrotic Joint)
– Bone Markings: Located between adjacent vertebral bodies, composed of fibrocartilage.
– Movement: Allows for limited movement between vertebrae, including flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and limited rotation.
– Function: Absorb shock, provide flexibility, and facilitate movement between vertebral bodies.