Author: admin

https://nationalpartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/sexual-harassment-and-the-gender-wage-gap.pdf sexual haarrassment
https://www.aauw.org/resources/article/what-you-may-not-know-about-the-gender-pay-gap/ gender stereotypes
https://eige.europa.eu/newsroom/news/better-work-life-balance-would-shrink-gender-pay-gap?language_content_entity=en better work lif balance
https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-23-106320 less women managers
https://fortune.com/2022/11/10/unpaid-labor-gender-wage-gap/ unpaid work
https://www.econ.iastate.edu/ask-an-economist/when-you-factor-paid-maternity-leave-there-wage-gap  Pregnancy
affecting wage
and pay
https://www.americanprogress.org/article/quick-facts-gender-wage-gap/   Gender
discrimination
https://news.darden.virginia.edu/2024/04/04/why-the-gender-pay-gap-persists-in-american-businesses/#:~:text=While%20there%20is%20much%20progress,basis%20when%20they%20require%20more   Higher Job
demands- these are my 8 sources
Audience: Your audience is a hypothetical one, not necessarily the grader of the essay. For this essay, you will select your hypothetical audience. Your audience should be specific and appropriate for the argument you are making.
Essay Title: Your title should be specific and pointed, meaning it identifies the topic of the essay and hints at your argument. For examples of effective titles to arguments, you are welcome to refer to any of the Voices essays and the essays in our book, From Inquiry to Academic Writing.
Essay Content: Your essay’s organization and rhetorical approach are more flexible than the previous writing project we’ve completed. Whatever rhetorical approach you take, your essay’s content should do the following:
Explore an issue-based question with research. Nearly any given topic has issues surrounding it. The issues often reflect a myriad of perspectives, some of which are opposites, while other perspectives only differ slightly. Your job is to be an informed researcher.
Use both scholarly and popular sources along with lived experiences to support your argument. As you focus on gathering multiple perspectives, gather these perspectives in a variety of genres. Seek out both scholarly and popular sources. Incorporate lived experiences. You should have a minimum of eight sources integrated into your essay.
Synthesize multiple perspectives. The sources you use should work to support your argument. Through synthesis, you will make connections across multiple texts and perspectives while using them to support your main points of evidence. Make sure you understand as many perspectives as possible, even if you do not always agree. Represent and contextualize these perspectives as part of your argument.
Consider the implications of your stance.You need to take a clear stance on an issue, but you should also understand how taking a stance affects other perspectives and issues.
Don’t dismiss “opposing” points. The argument you construct should be more complex than a pro-con debate. Instead of considering the “opposition,” focus on exploring the many perspectives present in the argument. Consider how your stance affects other perspectives and what you have in common with the opposition. Synthesize. When using any source, synthesis is critical. Consider how these sources contribute perspective to your paper and how they integrate into your stance. Make sure your sources do not “speak” for you.
Use rhetorical strategies to persuade your audience. While the research and data you collect and synthesize in your sources will be crucial in constructing an effective argument, your presentation of that work is equally important. Your essay should have a clearly defined audience. In defining this audience, you will engage rhetorical strategies that will appeal to this audience’s needs and values.
Organize your essay. Your essay should be organized thoughtfully with a logical placement of paragraphs. Each paragraph should have a clear purpose and tie back to the central argument.
Works Cited: Provide a Works Cited page with citations that follow MLA 8th or 9th edition. The citations on your works cited page should all have a corresponding in-text citation in the essay. These are the instructions 2,200 words. 

Cause and Effect Toulmin Argument Thesis/Outline Assignment Instructions
Overview
In Module 6, you must develop a thesis statement and outline for your 1200-1500 word cause and effect argument essay that you will write in Module 7. This assignment will show your understanding of the reading material covered so far in the course related to argument, research, and essay development.  Putting in the time to do the groundwork in the thesis/outline assignment will help you when you begin writing the actual essay in Module 7. It is important to review the sample student outline available in APA, MLA, and Turabian in chapter 15 to understand the expectations of this assignment that will be somewhat different from the expectations of the thesis/outline assignments for the other essay assignments in this course. 
Instructions
Review chapter 15 in the textbook for the sample cause and effect Toulmin argument thesis/outline written in the documentation style for your major course of study. Using the sample, complete your own thesis/outline in Module 6 that you will use in Module 7 to develop your Cause and EffectToulmin Argument Assignment. Your thesis/outline assignment should include a clear thesis statement that addresses the question in the prompt with a clear cause and effectargument and an outline of your plan of support following the Toulmin Model of argument. The research sources for this essay have not been provided for you in our course. Your research sources must be credible and appropriate for an academic essay.You may include biblical support, but your biblical support does not count in the required citations.
• Prompt: (Choose 1) What impact did Covid-19 have on the American education system? OR What impact did Covid-19 have on mental health in America?
• Complete your thesis/outline using the sample in chapter 15as a model while addressing the prompt question.
• Document your sources correctly according to your documentation style (Current APA, MLA, or Turabian). 
• Integrate a total of at least 4 quotations, 1 summary, and 1 paraphrase (6 total) from at least 3 credible academic sources
Helpful Hints
• Chapter 15 in Module 6 includes sample student outlines for a cause and effect (Toulmin) thesis/outline in each of the documentation styles (APA, MLA, and Turabian).
• Chapter 3 in Module 6 includes a general outline for the Toulmin Model of argument.
• Review the Minimum Outline Requirements Checklist (below) to understand the content that you must include in your thesis/outline assignment.
• Review the Cause and Effect Toulmin Argument Thesis/Outline Assignment Grading Rubric in the course before submitting your thesis/outline assignment.
Minimum Outline Requirements
Successful
Needs Revision
1.  Thesis statement: Makes a clear argument explaining the need to examine causes or consider effects relative to the topic.
2.  Evidence: Presents points that support the thesis. (In your outline, include at least the minimum number of required paraphrases, summaries, and/or quotes from outside sources as indicated in assignment instructions.)
*Toulmin has very specific requirements for the inclusion of background, grounds, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal.  See the sample outline and essay in Ch. 15 for more information to help you with this.
3. Opposing argument(s): Presents viewpoints opposing your thesis argument giving special consideration to opposition of your thesis. (Including the strongest opposition to refute helps build your credibility and convinces your audience to consider or adopt your position.)
4. Organize your information into the correct outline format. (See examples for APA, MLA, and Turabian in Chapter 15for the Toulmin Model of argument.)
5. Documentation Requirements for Outline (Include minimum number of sources required for this assignment.):
If using current APA format, include properly formatted parenthetical intext citations and a References page.
If using current MLA format, include properly formatted parenthetical intext citations and a Works Cited page.
If using current Turabian format, include properly formatted footnotes and Bibliography page.
When you are satisfied with the quality of your thesis/outline, submit it via the submission link in Module 6 for grading. Include your degree program and whether you are using current MLA, APA, or Turabian in the document’s title when submitting your thesis/outline.
Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.
Page 3 of 3
15-1 Cause and Effect Essay Assignment Introduction
In the final essay assignment, you will write a Cause and Effect Argument essay using the Toulmin model that you have read about in your textbook. During Module/Week 6, you will develop your outline for the assignment. In Module/Week 7, you will write the complete essay. In addition to these resources, be sure to read the assignment instructions carefully within the course itself as you will be directed with important information about assignment expectations including the pre-selected topic. You will use the information that you have learned in this course to locate and properly cite reliable sources to use for your outline and essay assignments.
15-2 Planning a Cause-and-Effect (Toulmin) Argument
When planning your cause-and-effect argument, follow the steps below: 
Research the topic.
Decide its significance. (Is it important enough to gain the interest of your audience?)
Brainstorm possible causes and/or effect(s). (Which is most practical for your argument essay and most likely to appeal to your audience?)
Once you have decided on the topic and mode of argument (causes or effects): 
Decide how much your audience already knows (How much background do you need to include in your essay about the topic?)
Research the topic to find evidence to support your thesis argument. (Are there facts and examples in the research material to support your argument?)
Explore opposing viewpoints to your proposal. (Are you able to refute them and show your proposal as more reasonable and appealing?)
15-3 Outlining a Cause and Effect
(Toulmin)Argumen
When developing your Toulmin argument outline, you need to keep in mind the main parts of the Toulmin model: claim (what you want to prove), grounds (evidence/support for claim), warrant (connects claim and evidence), backing (explains why warrant is rational), and qualifier(limitations of claim).
The outline below is not a strict formula.
You will want to organize your essay parts in a way that makes your claim most convincing.
i. Introduction
A. Hook your audience. (Relate it to the topic and your thesis argument.) 15-3 Outlining a Cause and Effect
(Toulmin)Argumen
When developing your Toulmin argument outline, you need to keep in mind the main parts of the Toulmin model: claim (what you want to prove), grounds (evidence/support for claim), warrant (connects claim and evidence), backing (explains why warrant is rational), and qualifier(limitations of claim).
The outline below is not a strict formula.
You will want to organize your essay parts in a way that makes your claim most convincing.
i. Introduction
A. Hook your audience. (Relate it to the topic and your thesis argument.) Analysis/ warrant: Your explanation of how the evidence supports the topic sentence/ thesis statement: include examples of causes or effects.
(Include backing as necessary.)
Qualifier: demonstrates limits to the argument or shows that it is not always true in all situations.
Summative Sentence: Restates the topic sentence in a new way and transitions your ideas from one paragraph to the next. (Use appropriate transitional words and sentences throughout your
essay to help you essay flow well for your reader.)
iii. One or More Body Paragraphs to Discuss Opposing Viewpoints
А. Topic Sentence: introduces opposing viewpoints). Refutation/ rebuttal: Explanation of why you disagree. (Do not use first or second person pronouns. Use qualifiers as needed.)
Qualifier: demonstrates limits to the argument or shows that it is not always true in all situations so can helpwith your refutation.
Summative Sentence: Wraps up the paragraph and refutation of the opposing viewpoint and includes a transition into the
conclusion paragraph.
iv. Conclusion Paragraph
Summarizes Main Points of your Body Paragraphs.
Restates your thesis claim in a new way.
Leaves reader with final thought and/or call to action.
Cause and Effect Essay(Toulmin) Outline Proofreading Checklist
Read through your outline and check the appropriate boxes on the chart below. If any area of your outline needs revision, make sure you correct it before submitting your assignment. Taking the time to construct a complete and thorough outline will help you save time when you write the actual essay.