Understanding Hypothesis Testing and Types of Errors in Statistical Analysis

Six discussion posts/questions.  The textbook used is Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences by Gravetter, F. J., Wallnau, L. B., Forzano, L. B., & Witnauer, J. E. (2021). Essentials of statistics for the behavioral sciences (10th ed.). Cengage. ISBN-13: 9780357365298. Read Chapters 8 and 9  in Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. Review Chapters 8 and 9 PowerPoint presentations. A substantive post is 150 words minimum, incorporates information from the course materials/readings or personal experience, and adds something new to the conversation that others can learn from. 
DQ1: In order to properly explain a type I or type II error in a study, you need to accurately define the null and alternative hypothesis. Why? Hint: Make sure to think about the definitions of these errors.
DQ2: If you were to perform a well-executed research study with a sample that is large utilizing a random sampling method and did everything correctly (including accurate data), you could still end up with a type I or type II error. Why?
DQ3: What was the muddiest point from module 3? It needs to a concept that we covered in the past module such as the standard error. Make sure to be as specific as possible and illustrate with an example. You also need to show your work and/or explain it. If you don’t address all of these, you won’t earn participation credit for your response to this thread.
DQ4: Create an example that has a null and alternative hypothesis that follows a right-tail test. Please explain why it is a right-tail test.
DQ5: Create an example that has a null and alternative hypothesis that follows a left-tail test. Please explain why it is a left-tail test.
DQ6: Create an example that has a null and alternative hypothesis that follows a 2-tail test. Please explain why it is a 2-tail test.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Read “Probability,” by Johnson, from Salem Press Encyclopedia of Science (2013). https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=89317168&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=s8333196&groupid=main&profile=eds1
Read Chapters 8 and 9 in Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. Review Chapters  8 and 9 PowerPoint presentations. Gravetter, F. J., Wallnau, L. B., Forzano, L. B., & Witnauer, J. E. (2021). Essentials of statistics for the behavioral sciences (10th ed.). Cengage. ISBN-13: 9780357365298
Read “Sampling,” by Wienclaw, from Research Starters: Sociology (2013). https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=89185687&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=s8333196&groupid=main&profile=eds1
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